See also:

• MONGREL (earliest form mengrel, probably from the root meng-, or mong-, to mix, cf. mingle, among)

MONGREL (earliest See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form mengrel, probably from the See also:

• ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)
• ROOT, ELIHU (1845– )

root meng-, or mong-, to mix, cf. mingle, among)  , a See also:

• DOG

dog that is the progeny of two different breeds, or one whose breed it is impossible to tell on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the various crossings . In the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of other animals or See also:

• PLANTS

plants it is the result of a fertile See also:

• CROSS

cross between two varieties of the same See also:

• SPECIES

species, and so to be distinguished from a " hybrid," the result of a fertile cross between two distinct species (see See also:

• HYBRIDISM

HYBRIDISM) . MONIER-See also:

• WILLIAMS
• WILLIAMS, JOHN (1582-1650)
• WILLIAMS, JOHN (1796-1839)
• WILLIAMS, ROGER (c. 1604–1684)
• WILLIAMS, ROWLAND (1817-1870)
• WILLIAMS, SIR WILLIAM FENWICK

WILLIAMS, See also:

• SIR

SIR MONIER (1819-1899), See also:

• BRITISH

British orientalist, son of See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel See also:

• MOTHER

Mother-Williams, surveyor-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general in the Bombay See also:

• PRESIDENCY

presidency, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Bombay on the 12th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1819 . He matriculated at See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford from Balliol See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College in 1837, but See also:

• LEFT

left the university on receiving in 1839 a nomination for the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India See also:

• COMPANY

Company's See also:

• CIVIL

civil service, and was completing his course of training at Haileybury when the entreaties of his mother, who had lost a son in India, prevailed upon him to relinquish his nomination and return to Oxford . As Balliol was full, he entered University College and, devoting himself to the study of See also:

• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit, he gained the Boden scholarship in 1843 . After taking his degree he was appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of Sanskrit, See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian and Hindustani at Haileybury, where he remained until the abolition of the college upon the See also:

• TRANSFER (from Lat. transferre, to bear across, carry over)

transfer of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of India from the Company to the See also:

• CROWN

Crown . He taught See also:

• ORIENTAL

oriental See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages at See also:

• CHELTENHAM

Cheltenham for ten years, and in 186o was elected Boden professor of Sanskrit at Oxford after a contest with Professor Max See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller (q.v.), which attracted See also:

• GREAT

great public See also:

• INTEREST

interest and severe See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism, the See also:

• MOTIVE (from Lat. movere, to move)

motive of the non-See also:

• RESIDENT

resident voters, whose suffrages turned the See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale, being notoriously not so much to put Monier-Williams in as to keep Max Muller out . Although, however, far inferior to his See also:

• RIVAL

rival in versatility and See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent, Monier-Williams was in no way inferior in the See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field of Sanskrit, and did himself and his professorship much See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour by a See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession of excellent See also:

• WORKS

works, among which may especially be named his Sanskrit-See also:

• ENGLISH

English and English-Sanskrit dictionaries; his See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

Wisdom (1875), an See also:

• ANTHOLOGY

anthology from Sanskrit literature; and his See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of Sakuntala (1853) . In his later years he was especially attracted by the subject of the native religions of India, and wrote popular works on See also:

• BRAHMANISM

Brahmanism, See also:

• BUDDHISM

Buddhism and See also:

• HINDUISM

Hinduism . His See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal undertaking, however, was the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of the Indian See also:

• INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute at Oxford, which owes its existence entirely to him . He brought the project before the university in May 1875, and in that See also:

• YEAR

year and the following, and again in 1883, visited India to solicit the moral and See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial support of the native princes and Other leading men . See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• BRASSEY, THOMAS (1805–1870)

Brassey came to his aid with a donation of 9000, and in November 188o the institute was adopted by the university, but the See also:

• PURCHASE

purchase of a site and the erection of a See also:

• BUILDING

building were leftto the professor .

Upwards of £30;000 was eventually collected; the See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of See also:

• WALES (Cymru, Gwalia, Cambria)

Wales, in memory of his visit to India, laid the foundation See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone in May 1883; and the edifice, erected in three instalments, was finally completed in 1896 . Ere this, failing See also:

• HEALTH

health had compelled Monier-Williams to withdraw from the active duties of his professorship, which were discharged by the See also:

• DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim, prune)

deputy-professor, Dr A . See also:

• MACDONELL, JAMES (1841-1879)

Macdonell, who afterwards succeeded him . He continued, nevertheless, to See also:

• WORK

work upon Sanskrit See also:

• PHILOLOGY

philology until his See also:

• DEATH

death at See also:

• CANNES

Cannes on the 11th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1899 . He had been knighted in 1886, and was made K.C.I.E. in 1889, when he adopted his See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian name of Monier as an additional surname .