MONTAUBAN  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-western See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of See also:

• TARN
• TARN (O. Eng. tame, Scand. tjarn, tjdrn, horn, &c.)

Tarn-et-See also:

• GARONNE (Lat. Garumna)

Garonne, 31 M . N. of See also:

• TOULOUSE
• TOULOUSE, LOUIS ALEXANDRE DE BOURBON, COUNT OF (1678-1737)

Toulouse by the See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern railway . Pop . (1906), town, 16,813; See also:

• COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)
• COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL

commune, 28,688 . The town, built mainly of a reddish See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick, stands on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Tarn at its confluence with the Tescou . Its fortifications have been replaced by boulevards beyond which extend numerous suburbs, while on the See also:

• LEFT

left bank of the Tarn is the suburb of Villebourbon, which is connected with the town by a remarkable See also:

• BRIDGE

bridge of the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . It is a brick structure over 200 yds. in length, and though its fortified towers have disappeared it isotherwise in See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good preservation . The hotel de ville, on the site of a See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle of the See also:

• COUNTS

counts of Toulouse and once the See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence of the bishops of Montauban, stands at the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east end of the bridge . It belongs chiefly to the 17th century, but some portions are much older, notably an underground chamber known as the See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall of the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince . Besides the municipal offices it contains a valuable library, and a museum with collections of antiquities and pictures . The latter comprise most of the See also:

• WORK

work (including his " Jesus among the Doctors ") of See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• INGRES, JEAN AUGUSTE DOMINIQUE (178o-1867)

Ingres, the celebrated painter, whose See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth in Montauban is commemorated by an elaborate See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument . The See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

Place Nationale is a square of the 17th century, entered at each corner by gateways giving See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to a large open space surrounded by houses carried on See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double rows of arcades .

The prefecture, the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law-courts and the remaining public buildings are See also:

• MODERN

modern . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief churches of Montauban are the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, remarkable only for the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of the " See also:

• VOW (Lat. votum, vow, promise: cf. VOTE)

Vow of See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIII.," one of the masterpieces of Ingres, and the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of St Jacques (14th and 15th centuries), the See also:

• FACADE

facade of which is surmounted by a handsome octagonal See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower . Montauban is the seat of a See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, a See also:

• PREFECT (prefet)

prefect and a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• ASSIZE

assize . It has tribunals of first instance and of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce, a chamber of commerce and a See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade See also:

• ARBITRATION (Lat. arbitrari, to examine or judge)
• ARBITRATION, INTERNATIONAL

arbitration, lycees and a training See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college, See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools of commerce and viticulture, a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the Bank of France, and a See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty of See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology . The commercial importance of Montauban is due rather to its trade in agricultural produce, horses, See also:

• GAME

game and poultry, than to its See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries, which include nursery-gardening, See also:

• CLOTH

cloth-See also:

• WEAVING

weaving, cloth-dressing, See also:

• FLOUR

flour-milling, See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood-sawing, and the manufacture of See also:

• FURNITURE (from " furnish," Fr. fournir)

furniture, See also:

• SILK

silk-See also:

• GAUZE

gauze and See also:

• STRAW

straw hats . The town is a junction of the See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways of the Southern and See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans companies, and communicates with the Garonne by the See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

Canal of Montech . With the exception of Mont-de-Marsan, Montauban is the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest of the bastides of southern France . Its See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation See also:

• DATES

dates from 1144 when See also:

• ALPHONSE, COUNT OF TOULOUSE AND OF POITIERS (I220-1271)

Alphonse Jourdain, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of Toulouse, granted it a liberal See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter . The inhabitants were See also:

• DRAWN

drawn chiefly from Montauriol, a See also:

• VILLAGE

village which had grown up around the neighbouring monastery of St Theodard . In the 13th century the town suffered much from the ravages of the Albigensians and from the See also:

• INQUISITION, THE (Lat. inquisitio, an inquiry)

Inquisition, but by 1317 it had recovered sufficiently to be chosen by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John XXII. as the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of which the See also:

• BASILICA

basilica of St Theodard became the cathedral . By the treaty of Bretigny (1360) it was ceded to the See also:

• ENGLISH

English; but in 1414 they were expelled by the inhabitants . In 156o the bishops and magistrates embraced Protestantism, expelled the monks, and demolished the cathedral .

About ten years later it became one of the Huguenot strongholds, and formed a small See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic . It was the headquarters of the Huguenot See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion of 1621, and was vainly besieged by Louis XIII. for eighty-six days; nor did it submit until after the fall of La Rochelle in 1629, when its fortifications were destroyed by See also:

• RICHELIEU, ARMAND EMMANUEL SOPHIE SEPTEMANIE DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, ARMAND JEAN DU PLESSIS
• RICHELIEU, LOUIS FRANCOIS ARMAND DU PLESSIS

Richelieu . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year the See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague cut off over 6000 of its inhabitants . The Protestants again suffered persecution after the See also:

• REPEAL (O.F. rapel, modern rappel, from rapeler, rappeler, revoke, re and appeler, appeal)

repeal of the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

Edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes .