See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

MOORS (See also:

• LAT

Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)  , the name which, as at See also:

• PRESENT

present used, is loosely applied to any native of See also:

• MOROCCO

Morocco, but in its stricter sense only to the townsmen of mixed descent . In this sense it is also used of the See also:

• MAHOMMEDAN

Mahommedan townsmen in the other See also:

• BARBARY

Barbary states: It has been by some connected with the See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew and Phoenician mahur, western . Wetzstein derives it from mahir, a corruption of Amasir with its plurals Imazir and Masir, archaic forms of the See also:

• BERBER

Berber native name Amazigh, the See also:

• FREE

free . From Mauri, the classic name for the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-western See also:

• AFRICAN

African tribes, the north-western districts of that See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent came to be called by the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans See also:

• MAURETANIA

Mauretania . The See also:

• TERM

term " See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

Moors " has no real ethnological value . The tribes known to the Romans by that name were undoubtedly of Berber stock (see See also:

• BERBERS

BERBERS) . They first appear in See also:

• HISTORY

history at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the Jugurthine See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War (xxo-io6 B.C.), when Mauretania See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of the Mulucha was under the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of a See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king called See also:

• BOCCHUS

Bocchus, and appears to have constituted a See also:

• REGULAR

regular and organized See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . It retained its See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence till the time of See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus, who in 25 B.C. bestowed the See also:

• SOVEREIGNTY

sovereignty of the previously existing See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom upon See also:

• JUBA
• JUBA, or JUB

Juba II., king of See also:

• NUMIDIA

Numidia, at the same time uniting it with the western portion of Numidia, from the Mulucha to the Ampsaga, which received the name of Mauretania Caesariensis, while the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province that had previously constituted the kingdom, or Mauretania proper, came to be known as Mauretania Tingitana (see MAURETAMA) . With the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of North See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa Mauretania was overrun by the See also:

• ARABS

Arabs in the 7th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . The subsequent See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain was effected chiefly by Berber tribes, but the Moslems in the See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula—known to the See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian nations as Moors—always had a strong See also:

• STRAIN (through O. Fr. straindre, estraindre, mod. i treindre, from Lat. stringere, to draw tight, related to stress, stretch, string, &c.)

strain of Arab See also:

• BLOOD

blood and in most respects became Arabized: The See also:

• RACE

race was also influenced considerably by intermarriage with the natives of Spain, and when the Moors were finally expelled from that See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country they had become almost entirely distinct from their Berber kinsfolk, to whom they were known as Andalusians . While the mountainous parts of Morocco continued to be occupied by pure Berber See also:

• PEOPLE

people, the Shlilh or See also:

• SHILLUH, or SHLUH (" vagabonds ")

Shilluh, the Andalusian Moors flocked to Proc . Zool .

See also:

• SOC

Soc., 1848, p . 7 ; Trans. iii . 336, 0.1-V1 . 9 Proc . 1850, pp . 209-214, pl. xxi . ; Trans. iv . 69-74, pl. See also:

• XXV

xxv . 7 Thus the See also:

• LEG
• LEG (a word of Scandinavian origin, from the Old Norwegian leggr, cf. Swed. lagg, Dan. laeg; the O. Eng. word was sceanca, shank)

leg-bones and what appeared to him the sternum were described and figured (Trans. iv. pp . 12, 17, pls. ii.. iv.), and the See also:

• PELVIS (Lat. for " basin," cf. Gr. 7rEX?a )

pelvis and another femur (vii. pp . 369, 373, pls. xlii., xliii.) ; but the supposed sternum afterwards proved not to be that of Notornis, and See also:

• OWEN, JOHN (1616-1683)
• OWEN, JOHN [OVENUS Or AUDOENUS] (c. 1560-1622)
• OWEN, ROBERT (1771-1858)
• OWEN, SIR HUGH (1804-1881)
• OWEN, SIR RICHARD (1804–1892)

Owen (Proc . 1882, p .

689) rectified the See also:

• ERROR (Lat. error, from errare, to wander, to err)

error, to which his See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention had been See also:

• DRAWN

drawn, and which he had already suspected (Trans. viii . 120) . ',Notwithstanding the See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence, which presented some incongruities, offered by Mr See also:

• MACKAY
• MACKAY, CHARLES (1814–1889)
• MACKAY, HUGH (c. 164o-169z)
• MACKAY, JOHN WILLIAM (1831–1902)

Mackay (See also:

• IBIS

Ibis, . 1867, p . 144) . 9"Trans . N . Zeal . Inst. xiv . 238-258 . the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast towns and the plains of Morocco, occupied largely by Arabs . The name See also:

• MOOR

Moor is however still applied to the populations speaking Arabic who inhabit the country extending from Morocco to the See also:

• SENEGAL

Senegal, and to the See also:

• NIGER
• NIGER, GAIUS PESCENNIUS

Niger as far See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east as See also:

• TIMBUKTU (French spelling Tombouctou)

Timbuktu, i.e. the western See also:

• SAHARA

Sahara .

In this vast region and in all the towns of Barbary many of the Andalusians settled . The Moors are ethnically a very hybrid race with more Arab than Berber blood . A See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• MISTAKE (i.e. take amiss)

mistake is to regard them as a See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black race, as indicated by the old See also:

• ENGLISH

English phrase " Black-a-Moor," i.e. black as a Moor . They are a See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white race, though often sunburnt and bronzed for generations, and both their See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children and those who have lived in the cities might pass anywhere as Europeans . The typical Moors of Morocco are a handsome race, with skin the See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour of See also:

• COFFEE (Fr: cafe, Ger. Kaffee)

coffee-and-See also:

• MILK (0. Eng. meoluc; from a common Indo-European root, cf. Lat. mulgere, Gr. ?t dXyetv)

milk, with black eyes and black silky See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair, and the features of Europeans . They See also:

• WEAR

wear a full See also:

• BEARD (A.S. beard, O. H. and Mod. Ger. Bart, Dan. beard, Icel. bar, rim, edge, beak of a ship, &c., O. Slay. barda, Russ. barodd. Cf. Welsh barf, Lat.. barba, though, according to the New English Dictionary, the connexion is for phonetic reasons doubtful)
• BEARD, WILLIAM HOLBROOK (1825-1900)

beard, and are characterized by a marked dignity of demeanour . There is a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general tendency to obesity, which is much admired by the Moors in their See also:

• WOMEN

women, See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young girls being stuffed like chickens, with See also:

• PASTE (O. Fr. paste, modern pate, Late Lat. pasta, whence also in Span., Port. and Ital., from Gr. 1r&vrrl or 1raara, barley porridge, or salted pottage, ir&ao'ety, to sprinkle with salt)

paste-balls mixed with See also:

• HONEY (Chin. me ; Sansk. madhu, mead, honey; cf. A.S. medo, medu, mead; Gr. p Xt, in which 0 or b is changed into X; Lat. mel ; Fr. miel ; A.S. hung ; Ger. Honig)

honey, or with spoonfuls of See also:

• OLIVE (Olea europaea)

olive oil and See also:

• SESAME

sesame, to give them the necessary See also:

• CORPULENCE (Lat. corpus, body), or OBESITY (Lat. ob, against, and edere, to eat)

corpulence . The Moors are an intellectual people, courteous in manner and not altogether unlettered; but they are cruel, revengeful and bloodthirsty . Among the pirates who infested the Mediterranean none were worse than the Moors . They are fanatical Mahommedans, regarding their places of See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship as so sacred that the See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere approach of a See also:

• JEW, THE WANDERING

Jew or a Christian is forbidden . The Moors are temperate in their See also:

• DIET

diet and See also:

• SIMPLE

simple in their See also:

• DRESS (from the Fr. dresser, to set out, arrange, formed from Lat. directus, arranged, dirigere, to direct, arrange)

dress, though among the richer classes of the towns the women See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover themselves with silks, See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold and jewels, while the men indulge to excess their love of See also:

• FINE

fine horses and splendid arms . The See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault is See also:

• GROSS

gross sensuality .

The position of women is little better than a pampered See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery . They are uneducated, indolent and vicious . Such See also:

• EDUCATION

education as the children receive is of a superficial See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind . Slavery flourishes, and slave See also:

• AUCTIONS

auctions, conducted like those of cows and mules, take See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place on the afternoons of stated days, affording a lounge for the See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich Moors, who discuss the " goods " offered and seek for bargains . This public See also:

• SALE
• SALE, GEORGE (c. 1697-1736)
• SALE, SIR ROBERT HENRY (1782—1845)

sale of slaves was prohibited in the coast towns, c . 185o, under pressure from See also:

• EUROPEAN

European See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, but means are found to evade the See also:

• PROHIBITION (Lat. prohibere, to prevent)

prohibition . Of See also:

• GAMES, CLASSICAL

games the young Moors See also:

• PLAY

play a See also:

• GREAT

great number; the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal one is a kind of See also:

• FOOTBALL

football, more like that of See also:

• SIAM (known to its inhabitants as Muang Thai)

Siam and See also:

• BURMA

Burma than that of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England; See also:

• WRESTLING (O. Eng. wrcestlian)

wrestling and See also:

• FENCING

fencing are popular, but the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief amusement of the adult Moors is the " See also:

• POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder-play " (la'ab el bdrud), which consists of a type of military See also:

• TOURNAMENT, or TOURNEY (Fr. tournement, tournoi, Med. Lat. torneamentum, from tourner, to turn)

tournament, the horsemen going through See also:

• LANCE

lance and See also:

• MUSKET (Fr. mousquet, Ger. Muskete, &c.)

musket exercises or charging in See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

review See also:

• FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion, firing volleys as they gallop . Other recreations much in favour throughout Morocco are See also:

• MUSIC

music, singing, jugglery, snake-charming and acrobatic performances . As professional See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story-tellers many Moors are remarkable, but the national music is monotonous and not very harmonious . See Dr See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur Leared, Morocco and the Moors (1891); Budgett Meakin, The Moorish See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire (1899); and The Moors (1902); Frances Macnab, A Ride in Morocco (1902); and see under MOROCCO; MAURETANIA; BERBERS, &C .