Online Encyclopedia

DANIEL MORGAN (1736-1802)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 833 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DANIEL MORGAN (1736-1802)  ,
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American soldier, was born in Hunterdon county, New Jersey, in the winter of 1736, of Welsh ancestry . In 1753 he removed to Virginia . In
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June 1775, soon after the outbreak of the War of Independence, he was commissioned a captain of Virginia riflemen, and he marched his
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company to Boston in 21 days . In the winter of 1775 he accompanied General Benedict Arnold to
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Canada, and in the assault on
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Quebec (Dec . 31) he and his riflemen penetrated well into the city, where he was hemmed in and was forced to surrender . On the 7th of August 1776 he was discharged on parole; on the 12th of November he was commissioned colonel of the 11th Virginia; and soon afterwards he was released from his parole . In the summer of 1777 he was engaged in minor skirmishes in New Jersey, and early in September joined General Horatio Gates, then engaged in the
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campaign against General Burgoyne . At the first
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battle of Saratoga (
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Sept . 19) he was, until Arnold's arrival
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late in the day, the ranking officer on the field; and in the second battle (Oct . 7) also took a prominent
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part . Morgan rejoined Washington in November near
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Philadelphia . In March 1779 he was commissioned by Congress colonel of the 7th Virginia; but in
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July, suffering from poor
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health and dissatisfied because Congress did not advance him further in rank, he resigned from the army and retired to Virginia .

After the battle of

Camden, however, he joined Gates (then in command in the South) at Hillsborough, North Carolina, and on the 1st of
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October took command of a corps . On the 13th of the same month Congress tardily raised him to the rank of brigadier-general . In
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January 1781 Cornwallis and Tarleton attempted to entrap him, but at the
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Cowpens (
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Jan . 17) he defeated Tarleton and then escaped from Cornwallis into North Carolina . Apparently Morgan suggested to Greene (who had superseded Gates) that general's plan of battle at Guilford Court House on the 15th of March . In December ' 1793 he was commissioned major-general of Virginia militia, 'and in November 1794 commanded troops sent to suppress the Whisky Insurrection in western Pennsylvania . He was a Federalist representative in Congress in 1797-1799, and died in Winchester, Virginia, on the 6th of July 1802 . See James Graham, The
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Life of General Daniel Morgan of the Virginia
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Line (New York, 1856) ; and Rebecca McConkey, The Hero of Cowpens (rev. ed., New York, 1885) .

End of Article: DANIEL MORGAN (1736-1802)
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