DUKE OF TREVISO EDOUARD ADOLPHE CASIMIR

See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

JOSEPH

See also:

• DUKE OF TREVISO EDOUARD ADOLPHE CASIMIR JOSEPH MORTIER (1768-1835)

MORTIER (1768-1835)  , marshal of France, was born at Cateau Cambresis on the 13th of February 1768, and entered the army as a sub-lieutenant in 1791 . He served in the campaigns of 1792 and 1793 on the north-eastern frontier and in the Nether-lands, and subsequently on the Meuse and the Rhine . In the war against the second coalition in 1799 he was promoted successively general of brigade and general of division . His conduct of the French occupation of Hanover led Napoleon to include Mortier in the first list of marshals created in 1804 . He commanded a corps of the grande armee in the Ulm campaign in which he distinguished himself particularly by his brilliant action of Diirrenstein; in 18o6 he was again in Hanover andnorth-western Germany, and in 1807 he served with the grande armee in the Friedland campaign . In 18o8 he was .created duke of Treviso, and shortly afterwards he commanded an army corps in Napoleon's campaign for the recapture of Madrid . He remained in Spain for two campaigns, winning the victory of Ocana in November 18og . In 1812 and 1813 he commanded the Young Guard, and in the " defensive campaign of 1814 he rendered brilliant services in command of rearguards and covering detachments . In 1815, after the flight of Louis XVIII., he rejoined Napoleon and was given a high command, but at the opening of the Waterloo campaign he fell ill . After the second restoration he was for a time in disgrace, but in 1818 he was readmitted to the Chamber of Peers and in 1825 received the Order of the Saint Esprit . In 183o-1831 he was ambassador of France at St Petersburg, and in 1834-1835 minister of war and president' of the council of ministers . In 1835, while accompanying Louis Philippe to a review, the marshal with eleven other persons was killed by the bomb aimed at the king by Fieschi (July 28, 1835) .