See also:

• MULHAUSEN (Fr. Mulhouse)

MULHAUSEN (Fr. Mulhouse)  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, in Upper See also:

• ALSACE (Ger. Elsass)

Alsace, on the See also:

• ILL

Ill, an affluent of the See also:

• RHINE (Lat. Rhenus, Ger. Rhein, Fr. Rhin, Dutch Rhyn, or Rijn)

Rhine, and the Rhine-See also:

• RHONE
• RHONE (Fr. Rhone, Lat. Rhodanus)

Rhone See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

canal, about 56 in . S. of See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg and 21 M . N.W. of See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel by See also:

• RAIL

rail . The old town, surrounded by arms of the Ill, has narrow and irregular streets, while to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south, on the canal, See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie the handsome villas and promenades of the new town . Most of the older buildings have made way for factories, so that the town-See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall, dating from 1551, is an almost solitary See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness to the town's See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval prosperity . The most important See also:

• INTEREST

interest of See also:

• MULHAUSEN (Fr. Mulhouse)

Mulhausen centres in the making of See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton goods . This See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry was introduced in 1746, and has since prospered in the hands of several wealthy families which are closely connected by intermarriage, and lend each other support . A large See also:

• PRO

pro-portion of the inhabitants of the town and the neighbourhood is engaged in woollen and other textile manufactures, the products of which are exported to all parts of the See also:

• WORLD

world . The manufactures of machinery, especially locomotives and railway plant, chemicals, and hardware are also important . A See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note-worthy feature is the See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention paid by the manufacturers to the well-being of their workpeople . In 1853, Johann Heinrich Dollfus (r800-1887), See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor of the town, founded the " artisans' town " (cite ouvriere) to the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the old town, consisting of about 1200 See also:

• MODEL (0. Fr. modelle, mod. modele; It. modello, pattern, mould; from Lat. modus, measure, standard)

model dwellings with public See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

bath-, See also:

• WASH, THE

wash- and See also:

• BAKE, JAN (1787-1864)

bake-houses, and library . The houses were let on a See also:

• SYSTEM

system by which the occupant became the owner after the See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment of a certain number of instalments .

Of See also:

• RECENT

recent years, however, the operatives have moved into the suburbs, leaving the model houses of the " artisans' town " to small tradesmen . A " societe industrielle" for the encouragement of See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery and invention among the workmen has existed since 1825, and there are various benevolent See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies . Mulhausen carries on an active See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain, See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

wine, colonial produce and See also:

• TIMBER

timber, which is facilitated by its See also:

• RIVER

river See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour . After the See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation of Alsace to Germany in 1871 the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French sympathies of the inhabitants were shown by the extraordinary decrease in their number . The See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population has since increased, amounting in 1905 to 94,514, of whom about two-thirds are See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics . Mentioned as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 717, Mulhausen was raised to the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of a See also:

• FREE

free town of the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire in 1198, and received very extensive privileges from See also:

• RUDOLPH
• RUDOLPH (d. 1o8o)
• RUDOLPH, or RAOUL

Rudolph of Hapsburg in 1273 . It suffered considerably in the various See also:

• WARS

wars of the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages, but generally managed to maintain its See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence . In 1466 it formed an See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance with the Swiss, and this became a permanent See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union in 1515 . By the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• WESTPHALIA (Ger. Westfalen)
• WESTPHALIA, TREATY OF

Westphalia (1648) it was recognized as an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent ally of the Swiss See also:

• LEAGUE

League . In 1797 it soughtincorporation with See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France from motives of commercial policy, and in 1871 it passed to Germany . See A . Metzger, La Republique de Mulhouse 717–1798 (Basel, 1884) ; See also:

• SCHALL, JOHANN ADAM VON (1591-1666)

Schall, Das Arbeiteequartier von Mulhausen (See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, 1877) ; Herkner, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die ober-elsassische Saumwollindustrie and ihre Arbeiter (Strassburg, 1887) ; and E .

Tournier, Mulhausen See also:

• IM(K2+a2+h2—2 ah cos 0)

im 16 . Jahrhundert (Illyach, 1894) . MULHEIM-AM-RHEIN, a town of Germany, in the Prussian Rhine See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province, on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Rhine, 2 m. below See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne, of which it is practically a suburb, and on the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main lines of railway Cologne-See also:

• DUSSELDORF

Dusseldorf and Cologne-See also:

• ELBERFELD

Elberfeld . Pop . (1905), 50,807 . There are important manufactures of See also:

• SILK

silk, See also:

• RIBBONS

ribbons, See also:

• VELVET

velvet, See also:

• SAILCLOTH

sailcloth, See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco, See also:

• VINEGAR

vinegar, See also:

• YARN

yarn and chemicals, in addition to See also:

• ROLLING

rolling-See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills, See also:

• BOILER

boiler See also:

• WORKS

works, See also:

• TELEGRAPH (Gr. Tike, far, and rypaq5eiv, to write)

telegraph works, breweries, tanneries and a See also:

• SHIP

ship-See also:

• BUILDING

building yard . Mulheim also carries on a brisk trade by rail and river . Of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation, Mulheim received municipal rights in 1322 . Its See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial prosperity is in See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• PART

part due to the influx of Protestants expelled from Cologne at the beginning of the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . In 1784 the town suffered severely from an inundation caused by the rapid breaking-up of the See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice on the Upper Rhine . MULHEIM-AN-DER-See also:

• RUHR

RUHR, a town of Germany, in the Prussian Rhine province, on the Ruhr, an affluent of the Rhine, about 7 in . W. from See also:

• ESSEN

Essen and at the intersection of several See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways .

Pop . (1905), 93,598 . It has a See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church dating from the 12th century . Like most of the towns in this See also:

• DISTRICT

district, Mulheim finds its See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief industry in See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron-working, and contains numerous blast-furnaces, rolling-mills, foundries and See also:

• ENGINE
• ENGINE (Lat. ingenium)

engine-works; it also carries on manufactures of See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, See also:

• WOOL, WORSTED AND WOOLLEN MANUFACTURES

wool, cotton, See also:

• CALICO

calico, tobacco, See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper, See also:

• BEER

beer, and other See also:

• MISCELLANEOUS

miscellaneous goods . An enormous See also:

• TRAFFIC

traffic, by river and rail, is carried on in See also:

• COAL

coal, and there is also a considerable trade in timber and colonial produce . In the neighbourhood are important See also:

• SANDSTONE

sandstone quarries, See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass-works, and a See also:

• CARPET

carpet manufactory . Mulheim was formerly included in the duchy of See also:

• BERG (Ducatus Montensis)

Berg, and became a town in 15o8 . In 1815 it passed to See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia .