JOHANNES See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

PETER See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• JOHANNES PETER MULLER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

MULLER (18o1-1858)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German physiologist and See also:

• COMPARATIVE

comparative anatomist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• COBLENZ (KOBLENZ)

Coblenz on the 14th of See also:

• JULY

July 18o, . In 1819 he entered See also:

• BONN

Bonn University, where he became privatdocent in 1824, extraordinary See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• PHYSIOLOGY (from Gr. 4 i s, nature, and koyos, discourse)

physiology in 1826, and See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary professor in 183o . In 1883 he removed to the university of See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, where he filled the See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of See also:

• ANATOMY
• ANATOMY (Gr. avaroyil, from ava-silo c', to cut up)

anatomy and physiology with See also:

• GREAT

great distinction until his See also:

• DEATH

death on the 28th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1858 . See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller made numerous researches in various departments of physiology, and in particular he extended knowledge as to the mechanism of See also:

• VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice, speech and See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

hearing, and as to the chemical and See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical properties of See also:

• LYMPH

lymph, chyle and See also:

• BLOOD

blood . The See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance of his Handbuch der Physiologie See also:

• DES

des Menschen between 1833 and 184o (translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English by Dr See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Baly, and published in See also:

• LONDON

London in 1842) marked the beginning of a new See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period in the study of physiology . In it, for the first See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, the results of human and comparative anatomy, as well as of See also:

• CHEMISTRY
• CHEMISTRY (formerly "chymistry"; Gr. xvµela; for derivation see ALCHEMY)

chemistry and other departments of physical See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, were brought to See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear on the investigation of physiological problems . The most important portion of the See also:

• WORK

work was that dealing with See also:

• NERVOUS

nervous See also:

• ACTION

action and the mechanism of the senses . Here he stated the principle, not before recognized, that the See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of sensation following stimulation of a sensory See also:

• NERVE (Lat. nervus, Gr. vevpov, a bowstring)

nerve does not depend on the mode of stimulation but upon the nature of the sense-See also:

• ORGAN

organ . Thus See also:

• LIGHT

light, pressure, or See also:

• MECHANICAL

mechanical stimulation acting on the retina and optic nerve invariably produces luminous impressions . This he termed the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law of the specific See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy of sense substances . In the later See also:

• PART

part of his See also:

• LIFE

life he chiefly devoted himself to comparative anatomy . Fishes and marine invertebrata were his favourite subjects .

Muller numbered such distinguished physiologists as H. von See also:

• HELMHOLTZ, HERMANN LUDWIG FERDINAND VON (1821-1894)

Helmholtz, E . Du Bois Reymond and K . F . W . See also:

• LUDWIG, KARL FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1816—1895)
• LUDWIG, OTTO (1813-1865)

Ludwig among his pupils . In addition to his Handbuch der Physiologie, his publications include Zur vergleichenden Physiologie des Gesichtssinns (1826); Uber See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die phantastischen Gesichtserscheinungen (1826); Bildungsgeschichte der Genitalien (183o), in which he traced the development of the Mullerian duct; De glandularum secerneniium structura (183o); Vergleichende Anatomie der Myxinoiden (1834–1843); Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen (1841) with F . G . J . See also:

• HENLE, FRIEDRICH GUSTAV JAKOB (1809 — 1885)

Henle; See also:

• SYSTEM

System der Asteriden (1842) with F . H . Troschel; and Horae ichthyologicae (1845-1849) with the same . After the death of J .

F . Meckel (1781-1833) he edited the Archiv See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur Anatomic and Physiologie .