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JOHANNES VON See also: born on the 3rd of See also: January 1752 at Neunkirch, near Schaffhausen, where his See also: father was pastor
.
In 1760 the See also: family removed to Schaffhausen
.
In his youth his maternal See also: grand-father, Schoop (d
.
1757), roused in him an See also: interest in the See also: history of his country
.
At the age of eight he is said to have written a history of Schaffhausen, and at eleven he knew the names and See also: dates of all the See also: kings of the four See also: great monarchies
.
His ardour for See also: historical studies was further stimulated by Schlozer, when See also: Muller went (1769) to the university of
See also: Gottingen, nominally to study See also: theology
.
In See also: July 1771 he undertook a sketch of Swiss history (no detailed history of See also: Switzerland having so far been written) for a publisher of See also: Halle, but his theological studies and the preparation of a Latin dissertation on the Bellum cimbricum (publ. See also: ill 1772) prevented much progress
.
In See also: April 1772 he passed his theological examination, and soon after became professor of See also: Greek at the Collegium Humanitatis
.
Early in 1774, on the advice of his friend See also: Charles Victor de Bonstetten, he gave up this
See also: post and became tutor in the Tronchin family at See also: Geneva
.
But in 1775 he resigned this position also, and passed his See also: time with various See also: friends in Geneva and See also: Vaud, engaged in carrying his historical scheme into effect
.
Having accumulated much material, he began the actual compositionof his See also: work in the spring of 1776, and the printing in the summer of 1777
.
But difficulties arose with the censor, and matters came to a standstill
.
In 1778-1779 Muller delivered a brilliant set of lectures on general history, which were not published till 1839 under the title of VierundzwanzigSee also: Bucher allgemeiner Geschichte
.
In 1780 the first See also: volume (extending to 1388) of his Geschichten der Schweizer appeared, nominally at See also: Boston (to avoid the censor), though really at See also: Bern; and it was well received
.
In 1781 he published at Berlin, in French, his .Essais historiques
.
He was on his way back to Switzerland when the landgrave of Hesse See also: Cassel named him professor of history
.
He stayed at Cassel till 1783, See also: publishing in 1782 his Reisen der Pdpste, a See also: book wherein certain leanings towards Romanism are visible
.
On his return to Geneva (1783) he accepted the post of reader to the See also: brother of his old See also: patron, Tronchin, and occupied himself with remodelling his published work of 1780
.
In See also: order to improve his See also: financial position, he accepted early in 1786 the post of librarian to the elector-archbishop of See also: Mainz, who bestowed many important offices upon him and obtained his See also: elevation to See also: nobility from the emperor in 1791
.
In See also: June 1786 he issued vol. i
.
(reaching to 1412) and two years later vol. ii
.
(to 1436) of the definitive See also: form of his Swiss history, which was received with great praise
.
In 1787 he issued an important See also: political See also: tract, Zur Darstellung See also: des Fiirstenbundes
.
But in See also: October 1792 Mainz was taken by the French, so that Muller had to seek for another post
.
In See also: February 1793 he entered the service of the emperor as an imperial aulic councillor
.
At Vienna he spent many years, becoming chief librarian of the imperial library in 1800, and in 1795 he issued vol. iii
.
(to 1443) of his Swiss history
.
In 1804 he became historiographer, war councillor, and member of the See also: Academy at Berlin
.
In 18o5 vol. iv
.
(to 1475) appeared
.
But in 18o6 he became strongly inclined towards See also: Napoleon, by whom he was received in See also: audience (Nov
.
,8o6), and from whom he accepted (end of 1807) the office of secretary of See also: state for the See also: kingdom of Westphalia, exchanging this position early in 18o8 for the posts of privy councillor and general director of public instruction
.
At the end of ,8o8 he published vol. v
.
(to 1489) of his great work
.
He died at Cassel on the 29th of May 1809
.
His Swiss History now possesses a See also: literary value only, but it was an excellent work in every way for the 18th century
.
Muller's See also: works were published under the care of hir brother at See also: Tubingen, in 27 vols
.
(1810-1819), and re-issued, in 40 vols., at See also: Stuttgart (1831-1835)
.
The Swiss History was re-issued at See also: Leipzig and Zurich, in 15 vols
.
(1824–1853), with continuations by Glutz-Blozheim (to 1517), Hottinger (to 1531), Vulliemin (to 1712), and Monnard (to 1815)
.
A French See also: translation of the See also: German edition (as above) appeared, in 18 vols., at See also: Paris and Geneva (1837–1851)
.
See the See also: biographies by Heeren (1809), Daring (1835) and Monnard (1839); also in G. v
.
Wyss's Geschichte der Historiographie in der Schweiz (Zurich, 1895), pp
.
305-311, and in the Festschrift der Stadt Schaffhausen (Schaffhausen, 1891), pt. v. pp
.
83-99
.
F
.
Schwarz's pamphlet, J. von Muller and See also: seine Schweizergeschichte (See also: Bale, 1884), traces the See also: genesis of the History
.
Mailer's letters to Fiisslin (1i71–1807) were issued at Zurich (1812), and those to Ch
.
See also: Bonnet, &c., at Stuttgart (1835)
.
Those addressed to him by various friends were published by See also: Maurer-See also: Constant, in 6 vols
.
(Schaffhausen, 1839–1840); and those written to him (1789-1809) by his brother, J
.
G
.
Muller, appeared, under the editorship of E
.
See also: Haug, at See also: Frauenfeld, in 2 vols
.
(1891-1892)
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(W
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