JULIUS

See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• JULIUS MULLER (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

MULLER (18oi-1878)  , German Protestant theologian, was born at Brieg on the loth of April 18o, . He studied at Breslau, Gottingen and Berlin, first law, then theology; and in 1839 became professor ordinarius of theology at Halle (1839) . In 1848 he helped to found the Deutsch-evang . Kirchentag, and two years later founded and edited (1850-1861), with Neander and K . I . Nitzsch, the Deutsche Zeitschrift fiir christliche Wissenschaft and christliches Leben . He died at Halle on the 27th of September 1878 . A disciple of Neander and friend of Richard Rothe, Muller bitterly opposed the philosophy of Hegel and the criticism of F . C . Baur . His book, Uber den Gegensatz des Protestantismus and des Catholicismus (1833), called forth a reply from Baur, and he was one of those who attacked D . Strauss's Life of Jesus .

In 1846 he had been deputed to attend the

General Evangelical Synod at Berlin . Here he supported the Consensus-Union, and afterwards defended himself in the pamphlets Die erste Generalsynode der evang . Landeskirche Preussen (1847) and Die evangelische Union, ihr Wesen and gottliches Recht (1854) . His chief work, however, was Die christliche Lehre der Siinde (2 vols., 1839; 5th ed., 1867; Eng. trans. from 5th ed.), in which he carried scholasticism so far as " to revive the ancient Gnostic theory of the fall of man before all time, a theory which found no favour amongst his theological friends " (Otto Pfieiderer) . Miller's other works include Dogmat . Abhandlungen (187o), and Das christliche Leben (3rd ed., 1847) . See M . Kahler, Julius Muller (1878); L . Schultze, Julius Muller (1879) and Julius Muller als Ethiker (1895) .