Online Encyclopedia

MUNICIPALITY

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 7 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MUNICIPALITY  , a

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modern
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term (derived from
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Lat. municipium; see below), now used both for a city or
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town which is organized for self-government under a municipal corporation, and also for the governing
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body itself . Such a corporation in
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Great Britain consists of a head as a mayor or provost, and of
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superior members, as aldermen and councillors, together with the
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simple corporators, who are represented by the governing body; it acts as a person by its
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common seal, and has a perpetual succession, with power to hold lands subject to the restrictions of the Mortmain
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laws; and it can sue or be sued . Where necessary for its
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primary
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objects, every corporation has power to make by-laws and to enforce them by penalties, provided they are not unjust or unreasonable or otherwise inconsistent with the objects of the charter or other instrument of foundation . See BOROUGH, COMMUNE, CORPORATION,
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LOCAL GOVERNMENT,
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FINANCE, &c., and for details of the functions of the municipal government see the sections under the general headings of the different countries and the sections on the
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history of these countries .

End of Article: MUNICIPALITY
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