Online Encyclopedia

MURRAY

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 42 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MURRAY  , the largest

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river in
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Australia . It rises in the Australian
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Alps in 36° 4o' S. and 147° E., and flowing north-west skirts the
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borders of New South Wales and Victoria until it passes into South Australia, shortly after which it bends south-ward into Lake Alexandrina, a shallow lagoon, whence it makes its way to the sea at Encounter
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Bay by a narrow opening at 35° 35' S. and 138° 55' E . Near its source the Murray Gates, precipitous rocks, tower above it to the height of 3000 ft.; and the earlier
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part of its course is tortuous and uneven . Farther on it loses so much by evaporation in some parts as to become a series of pools . Its length till it debouches into Lake Alexandrina is 1120 m., its
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average breadth in summer is 240 ft., its average
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depth about 16 ft.; and it drains an
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area of about 270,000 sq. m . For small steamers it is navigable as far as
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Albury . Periodically it overflows, causing wide inundations . The
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principal tributaries of the Murray are those from New South Wales, including the
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Edward River, the
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united streams of the Murrumbidgee and Lachlan, and the Darling or Callewatta . In 1829 Captain Sturt traced the Murrumbidgee River till it debouched into the Murray, which he followed down to Lake Alexandrina, but he was compelled, after
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great hardships, to return without discovering its mouth . In 1831 Captain Barker, while attempting to discover this, was murdered by the natives .

End of Article: MURRAY
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