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MURRAY (or MORAY), EARLS OF

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 38 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MURRAY (or
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MORAY), EARLS OF
  . The earldom of
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Moray was one of the seven
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original earldoms of Scotland, its lands corresponding roughly to the
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modern counties of
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Inverness and Ross . Little is known of the earls until about 1314, when
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Sir Thomas Randolph, a
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nephew of King Robert Bruce, was created
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earl of Moray (q.v.), and the Randolphs held the earldom until 1346, when the childless John Randolph, 3rd earl of this
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line and a soldier of repute, was killed at the
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battle of Neville's
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Cross . According to some authorities the earldom was then held by John's
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sister
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Agnes (c . 1312–1369) and her
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husband, Patrick Dunbar, earl of March or Dunbar (c . 1285–1368) . However this may be, in 1359 an
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English prince, Henry
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Plantagenet, duke of Lancaster (d . 1361), was made earl of Moray by King David II.; but in 1372 John Dunbar (d . 1391), a grandson of Sir Thomas Randolph and a son-in-law of Robert II., obtained the earldom . The last of the Dunbar earls was James Dunbar, who was murdered in August 1429, and after this date his daughter Elizabeth and her husband, Archibald Douglas (d . 1455), called themselves earl and countess of Moray . The next
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family to bear this title was an illegitimate branch of the royal house of Stuart, James IV. creating his natural son, James Stuart (c .

1499–1544), earl of Moray . James died without sons, and after the title had been

borne for a short time by George Gordon, 4th earl of Huntly (c . 1514–1562), who was killed at Corrichie in 1562, it was bestowed in 1562 by Mary Queen of Scots upon her
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half-
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brother, an illegitimate son of James V . This was the famous regent, James Stuart, earl of Moray, or Murray (see below), who was murdered in
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January 157o; after this event a third James Stuart, who had married the regent's daughter Elizabeth (d . 1591), held the earldom . He, who was called the " bonny earl," was killed by his hereditary enemies, the Gordons, in
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February 1592, when his son James (d . 1638) succeeded to the title . The earldom of Moray has remained in the Stuart family since this date . Alexander, the 4th earl (d . 1701), was secretary of state for Scotland from 168o to 1689; and in 1796 Francis, the 9th earl (1731–1810), was made a peer of the
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United
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Kingdom as Baron Stuart . See vol. vi. of Sir R . Douglas's Peerage of Scotland, new ed. by Sir J .

B .

Paul (19o9) .

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