NAPHTHA  , a word originally applied to the more fluid kinds of See also:

• PETROLEUM (Lat. Petra, rock, and oleuin, oil)

petroleum, issuing from the ground in the See also:

• BAKU

Baku See also:

• DISTRICT

district of See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia and in See also:

• PERSIA

Persia . It is the va4Ba of Dioscorides, and the naphtha, or See also:

• BITUMEN

bitumen liquidum candidum of See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny . By the alchemists the word was used principally to distinguish various highly volatile, See also:

• MOBILE

mobile and inflammable liquids, such as the See also:

• ETHERS

ethers, sulphuric See also:

• ETHER, (C2H5)2O

ether and acetic ether having been known respectively as naphtha sulphurici and naphtha aceti . The See also:

• TERM

term is now seldom used, either in See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce or in See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, without a distinctive prefix, and we thus have the following: I . See also:

• COAL

Coal-See also:

• TAR

tar Naphtha.—A volatile commercial product obtained by the See also:

• DISTILLATION (from the Lat. distillare, more correctly destillare, to drop or trickle down)

distillation of coal-tar (see COAL-TAR) . 2 . Shale Naphtha.—Obtained by distillation from the oil produced by the destructive distillation of bituminous shale (see See also:

• PARAFFIN

PARAFFIN) . 3 . Petroleum Naphtha.—A name sometimes given (e.g. in the See also:

• UNITED

United States) to a portion of the more volatile See also:

• HYDROCARBONS

hydrocarbons distilled from petroleum (see PETROLEUM) . 4 . See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

Wood Naphtha.—M See also:

• ETHYL

ethyl See also:

• ALCOHOL

alcohol (q.v.) . 5 .

See also:

• BONE (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, in many of which it is confined to the shank of the leg, as in the German Bein)
• BONE, HENRY (1755-1834)

Bone Naphtha.—Known also as bone oil or 'Dippers oil . A volatile product of offensive odour obtained in the carbonization of bones for the manufacture of See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal See also:

• CHARCOAL

charcoal . 6 . Caoutchouc Naphtha.—A volatile product obtained by the destructive distillation of See also:

• RUBBER, INDIARUBBER

rubber . (B .