NARA  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• JAPAN

Japan, in the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of Yamato, 254 M. from See also:

• OSAKA

Osaka by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . 32,000 . It lies on the slope of a range of picturesque hills, beautifully wooded with cryptomerias, See also:

• EVERGREEN

evergreen oaks, &c . This was the first permanent See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of Japan . Up to the beginning of the 8th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century the imperial See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court changed its location at the See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of each See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign, and the court's See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence naturally became the See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official See also:

• METROPOLIS (Gr. piir17Pi mother, srGXis, city)

metropolis . But Nara remained the metropolis during seven consecutive reigns (709 to 784), and its seventy-five years of favoured existence sufficed for the See also:

• BUILDING

building and furnishing of several imposing shrines and temples, for the laying out of a See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

park, for the casting of a See also:

• COLOSSAL

colossal See also:

• IMAGE (Lat. imago, perhaps from the same root as imitari, copy, imitate)

image of See also:

• BUDDHA

Buddha, and for the See also:

• EXECUTION (from Lat. ex-sequor, exsecutus, follow or carry out)

execution of many other beautiful specimens of applied See also:

• ART

art . Not much is known of the Nara See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace in its See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, but many of the articles and ornaments used by its inmates survive in a celebrated collection which, during nearly twelve See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred years, had been preserved in a See also:

• STORE (from O. Fr. estor or estoire, Late Lat. staurum or instaurum, stock, provisions, supply, from the late use of instaurare, to provide, properly to construct, renew, restore)

store-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house (Shoso-in) near the See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple of Todai-ji . This collection cannot be visited by strangers more than once a See also:

• YEAR

year, and even then only by See also:

• SPECIAL

special permission . The vigorous growth of the Buddhist creed through-out the Nara See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch was remarkable, and found outward expression in many striking architectural and See also:

• ARTISTIC

artistic See also:

• WORKS

works . The best of these, namely, those dating from the first See also:

• HALF

half of the 8th century, show Indo-Grecian See also:

• AFFINITIES

affinities, which gradually grow fainter as the end of the epoch approaches . The temple called Todai-ji was completed about 750 .

At See also:

• PRESENT

present the buildings enclose a quadrangle 520 ft. by 620, the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side being mainly occupied by the huge, ungainly and no longer perpendicular See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall containing the Dai Butsu, or colossal statue of Buddha . The casting of this wonderful piece of See also:

• WORK

work was accomplished after eight failures in 749 by Takusho, an artist from See also:

• KOREA
• KOREA, or COREA (CH'AO HSIEN, DAI HAN)

Korea . On two occasions the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head was melted during the burning of the temple (1180 and 1567) and from 1567 to 1697 the statue stood exposed to the See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather . The height of the figure is 53 ft . On a See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the temple stands a See also:

• BELL
• BELL, ALEXANDER MELVILLE (1819—1905)
• BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)
• BELL, GEORGE JOSEPH (1770-1843)
• BELL, HENRY (1767-1830)
• BELL, HENRY GLASSFORD (1803-1874)
• BELL, JACOB (1810-1859)
• BELL, JOHN (1691-178o)
• BELL, JOHN (1763-1820)
• BELL, JOHN (1797-1869)
• BELL, ROBERT (1800-1867)
• BELL, SIR CHARLES (1774—1842)

bell-house with a huge bell, See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast in 732, 134 ft. high, 9 ft. across the mouth and weighing 37 tons . The See also:

• GREAT

great Buddha is often spoken of as the most remarkable of the Nara See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics; but restorations have so marred it that it can no longer be compared with many smaller examples of contemporaneous and subsequent See also:

• SCULPTURE
• SCULPTURE (Lat. sculptura, from sculpere, to carve, cognate with Gr. yXb4ew)

sculpture . More worthy of See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention are two See also:

• EFFIGIES, MONUMENTAL

effigies of Brahma and See also:

• INDRA

Indra preserved among the relics of Kobuku-ji, which, with Kasuga-no-Miya, Ni-gwatsudo and Todai-ji, constitute the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief religious edifices . These figures, sculptured in See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood, have suffered much from the ravages of See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, but nothing could destroy the grandeur of their proportions or the See also:

• MAJESTY (Fr. majeste; Lat. majestas, grandeur, greatness, from the base mag-, as in magnus, great, major, greater, &c.)

majesty and dignity of their pose . Several other works of scarcely inferior excellence may be seen among the relics, and at the See also:

• SHRINE (Lat. scrinium, a case or chest for books, hence a casket; from scribere, to write, Fr. ecrin, Ital. scrigno)

shrine of Kasuga is performed a religious See also:

• DANCE
• DANCE (Fr. danse; of obscure origin, connected with Old High Ger. danson, to stretch)

dance called Kagura, in which the costumes and gestures of the dancers are doubtless the same as those of twelve centuries back . Kasugano-Miya was founded in 767, and its chapels with their rough red-painted See also:

• LOG (a word of uncertain etymological origin,possibly onomatopoeic; the New English Dictionary rejects the derivation from Norwegian lag, a fallen tree)

log-work afford See also:

• FINE

fine examples of See also:

• PRIMITIVE

primitive See also:

• JAPANESE

Japanese See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture . In the temple-park are herds of tame See also:

• DEER (O. E. rigor, dfor, a common Teutonic word, meaning a wild animal, cf. Ger. Tier, Du. dier, &c., probably from a root dhus-, to breathe)
• DEER, CHINESE

deer; and little images of deer and trinkets from deer's See also:

• HORN
• HORN (a common Teutonic word, cognate with Lat. cornu; cf. Gr. Kipas)
• HORN (Lat. cornu; corresponding terms being Fr. cor, trompe; Ger. Horn; Ital. corno)
• HORN, ARVID BERNHARD, COUNT (1664-1742)
• HORN, PHILIP DE MONTMORENCY, COUNT

horn are the favourite charms See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by the pilgrims . Within the enclosure stands a curious old See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk of seven See also:

• PLANTS

plants entwined, including a See also:

• CAMELLIA

camellia, See also:

• CHERRY

cherry and wistaria .

Of the great Buddhist temple Kobuku-ji, founded in 710, and burnt for the third time in 1717, there remains little See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save two lofty pagodas . A railway now gives See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to the town, but every effort is made to preserve all the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient features of Nara . A museum has been formed, where many See also:

• ANTIQUE (Lat. antiquus, old)

antique See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of great See also:

• INTEREST

interest are displayed, as well as works from the hands of comparatively See also:

• MODERN

modern artists . Nara in the days of its prosperity is said to have had a See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of a See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter of a million .