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THOMAS NAST (1840-1902)

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 252 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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THOMAS See also:NAST (1840-1902)  , See also:American caricaturist, was See also:born on the 27th of See also:September 184o, in the military See also:barracks of See also:Landau, See also:Germany, the son of a musician in the Ninth See also:regiment Bavarian See also:band . His See also:mother took him to New See also:York in 1846 . He studied See also:art there for about a See also:year with See also:Theodore See also:Kaufmann and then at the school of the See also:National See also:Academy of See also:Design . At the See also:age of fifteen he became a draughtsman for See also:Frank See also:Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper; three years afterwards for Harper's Weekly . In x86o he went to See also:England for the New York Illustrated See also:News to depict the See also:prize-fight between Heenan and See also:Sayers, and then joined See also:Garibaldi in See also:Italy as artist for The Illustrated See also:London News . His first serious See also:work in See also:caricature was the See also:cartoon " See also:Peace " in 1862, directed against those in the See also:North who opposed the See also:prosecution of the See also:Civil See also:War . This and his other cartoons during the Civil War and Reconstruction days were published in Harper's Weekly; they attracted See also:great See also:attention, and See also:Nast was called by See also:President See also:Lincoln " our best recruiting sergeant." Even more able were Nast's cartoons against the See also:Tweed See also:Ring See also:conspiracy in New York See also:city; his caricature of Tweed being the means of the latter's See also:identification and See also:arrest at See also:Vigo . In 1873, 1885 and 1887 Nast toured the See also:United States as lecturer and See also:sketch-artist, but with the See also:advent of new methods and younger See also:blood his See also:vogue decreased . He had been an ardent Republican in his earlier years; had bitterly attacked President See also:Johnson and his Reconstruction policy; had ridiculed See also:Greeley's candidature, and had opposed inflation of the currency, notably with his famous " rag-baby " cartoons, but his advocacy of civil service reform and his distrust of See also:Blaine forced him to become a See also:Mugwump and in 1884 an open supporter of the Democratic party, from which in 1892 he re-turned to the Republican party and the support of See also:Harrison . He had lost practically all of his earnings by the failure of See also:Grant and See also:Ward, and in May 1902 was appointed by President See also:Roosevelt See also:consul-See also:general at See also:Guayaquil, See also:Ecuador, where he died on the 7th of See also:December in the same year . He did some See also:painting in oil and some See also:book illustrations, but these were comparatively unimportant, and his fame rests on his caricatures and See also:political cartoons . Nast introduced the donkey to typify the Democratic party, the See also:elephant to typify the Republican party, and the See also:tiger to typify Tammany See also:Hall, and introduced into American cartoons the practice of modernizing scenes from See also:Shakespeare for a political purpose .

See A . B . See also:

Paine, See also:Thomas Nast, his See also:Period and his Pictures (New York, 1904) .

End of Article: THOMAS NAST (1840-1902)
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