See also:NEATH (Welsh, Casten-Nedd)
, a municipal and contributory See also:parliamentary See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough, seaport and See also:market-See also:town of Glamorgan-See also:shire, See also:south See also:Wales, prettily situated near the mouth of the See also:Neath or Nedd, on the See also:Great Western and the See also:Rhondda and See also:Swansea See also:Bay See also:railways, 71- M
.
E.N.E. of Swansea and 1834 m. by See also:rail from See also:London, via See also:Badminton
.
The Neath and See also:Brecon railway has a See also:terminus in the town
.
Pop
.
(1901) 13,720
.
The See also:principal buildings are the See also:parish See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of St See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas (restored 1874), the church of St See also:David (1866), a See also:Roman See also:Catholic church, and Baptist, Calvinistic, Methodist, Congregational and Wesleyan chapels; the intermediate and technical See also:schools (1895), See also:Davies's endowed (elementary) school (1789), the See also:Gwyn See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall (1888), the town hall, with See also:corn See also:exchange in the See also:basement See also:storey, and the market-See also:house
.
According to tradition Iestynap-Gwrgan, the last See also:prince of Glamorgan, had a See also:residence somewhere near the See also:present town, but Fitzhamon, on his See also:con-quest of Glamorgan, gave the See also:district between the Neath and the Tawe to See also:Richard de Granaville (ancestor of the Granvilles, marquesses of See also:Bath), who built on the See also:west See also:banks of the Neath first a See also:castle and then in 1129 a Cistercian See also:abbey, to whose monks he later gave all his possessions in the district
.
All traces of this castle have disappeared
.
Another castle, built in the same See also:century, on the See also:east See also:bank, was held See also:direct by the lords of Glamorgan, as the westernmost outpost of their lordship
.
It was frequently attacked by the Welsh, notably in 1231 when it was taken, and the town demolished by See also:Llewelyn ab Iorwerth
.
The See also:- PORTCULLIS (from the Fr. Porte-coulisse, porte, a gate, Lat. porta, and coulisse, a groove, used adjectivally for " sliding," from couler, to slide or glide, Lat. colare; the Fr. equivalents are herse, a harrow, and coulisse; Ger. Fallgatter; Ital. saraci
portcullis See also:gate and a See also:tower are all that remain of it; of the abbey which was at one See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the finest in Wales, there still exist the See also:external walls, with parts of the See also:chapel, vaulted See also:chapter-house, See also:refectory and See also:- ABBOT (from the Hebrew ab, a father, through the Syriac abba, Lat. abbas, gen. abbatis, O.E. abbad, fr. late Lat. form abbad-em changed in 13th century under influence of the Lat. form to abbat, used alternatively till the end of the 17th century; Ger. Ab
- ABBOT, EZRA (1819-1884)
- ABBOT, GEORGE (1603-1648)
- ABBOT, ROBERT (1588?–1662?)
- ABBOT, WILLIAM (1798-1843)
abbot's house
.
This abbey was the spot where See also:Edward II. found shelter after his See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape from See also:Caerphilly
.
At the See also:dissolution the abbey and the See also:manor of Cadoxton (See also:part of its possessions) were sold to See also:Sir Richard See also:Williams or See also:Cromwell
.
Its See also:cart ulary has been lost
.
See also:Copper smelting has been carried on in or near the town since 1584 when the Mines Royal Society set up See also:works at Neath Abbey; the See also:industry attained huge proportions a century later under Sir See also:Humphrey Mackworth, who from 1695 carried on copper and See also:lead smelting at Melincrythan
.
Besides its copper works the town at present possesses extensive tinplate, See also:steel and galvanized See also:sheet works as well as See also:iron and See also:brass foundries, See also:steam-See also:engine factories, See also:brick and See also:tile works, See also:engineering works, See also:flannel factories and chemical works
.
In the neighbourhood there are numerous large collieries, and See also:coal is shipped from wharves on the See also:riverside, vessels of 300 or 400 tons being able to reach the quays at high See also:tide
.
The Neath See also:Canal, from the upper part of the Vale of Neath to Briton See also:Ferry (13 m.) passes through the town, which is also connected with Swansea by another canal
.
There is a large export See also:trade in coal,copper, iron and See also:tin, mostly shipped from nieghbouring ports, while the principal imports are See also:timber and See also:general merchandise
.
Neath is included in the Swansea parliamentary district of boroughs
.
The town perhaps occupies the site of the See also:ancient Nidus or Nidum of the See also:Romans on the Julia Maritima from which a vicinal road branched off here for Brecon
.
No traces of Roman antiquities, however, have been found
.
Neath is a borough by See also:prescription and received its first See also:charter about the See also:middle of the 12th century from See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William, See also:earl of See also:Gloucester, who granted its burgesses the same customs as those of See also:Cardiff
.
Other charters were granted to it by successive lords of Glamorgan in 1290, 1340, 1359, 1397, 1421 and 1423
.
By the first of these (1290) the town was granted a See also:fair on St See also:Margaret's See also:Day (See also:July 20) and as the abbey had extensive See also:sheep walks the trade in See also:wool was consider-able
.
In 1685 See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James II. granted a charter, which, however, was not acted upon except for a See also:short time
.
End of Article: