See also:

• NEBO, or NABU (" the proclaimer ")

NEBO, or NABU (" the proclaimer ")  , the name of one of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief gods of the Babylonian See also:

• PANTHEON (Lat. pantheum or pantheon; Gr. srav& ov, all-holy, from re, s, all, and Oeor god)

pantheon, the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main seat of whose See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship was at See also:

• BORSIPPA (Barsip in the Babylonian and Assyrian inscriptions; Borsif in the Talmud; mod. Birs or Birs-Nimrud)

Borsippa—opposite the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• BABYLON (mod. Hillah)

Babylon . It is due to the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close association of Borsippa with Babylon after the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period when Babylon became the centre of the Babylonian See also:

• EMPIRE

empire that the cult of See also:

• NEBO, or NABU (" the proclaimer ")

Nebo retained a prominence only some degrees less than that of See also:

• MARDUK (Bib'. MERODACH2)

Marduk . The amicable relationship between the two was expressed by making Nebo the son of Marduk . In this See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case the expression of the relationship in this See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form was intended to symbolize the superiority of Marduk, different, therefore, from the view involved in making Marduk the son of See also:

• EA(nar...), (p.s„,.,.)
• EA(psr...), (p, „...)• (pqr...)

Ea (q.v.), which meant that the prerogatives of Ea were transferred to Marduk by the priests of Babylon . Borsippa became in the course of See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time so completely a See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere See also:

• ADJUNCT (from Lat. ad, to, and jungere, to join)

adjunct to Babylon that one might fairly have expected the Nebo cult to have been entirely absorbed by that of Marduk . Since that did not happen, the legitimate inference is that other deterrent factors were at See also:

• PLAY

play . One of these factors was the position that Nebo had acquired as the " See also:

• GOD

god of See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

wisdom " to whom more particularly the introduction of See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing was ascribed . He takes his See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, therefore, by the See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of Ea as a cultural deity . The wisdom associated with him had largely to do with the See also:

• INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)

interpretation of the movements in the heavens, and the priests of Nebo at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age must have acquired widespread fame as astrologers . Assuming now, for which there is a reasonable amount of confirmatory See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence, that the priestly school of Nebo had acquired a commanding position before Babylon See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to See also:

• POLITICAL

political importance we can understand why the worshippers of Marduk persisted in paying See also:

• HOMAGE (from homo, through the Low Lat. hominaticum, which occurs in a document of 1035)

homage to Nebo, and found a means of doing so without lowering the dignity and See also:

• STANDING

standing of their own god . If See also:

• ASSUR
• ASSUR (Auth. Vera. Asshur)

Assur-bani-See also:

• PAL, KRISTO DAS (1839–1884)

pal, the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• ASSYRIA

Assyria (668–626 B.c.), in the subscripts to the copies of Babylonian See also:

• LITERARY

literary tablets invokes as he invariably does Nebo and his See also:

• CONSORT (Lat. consors, a companion)

consort Tashmit as the gods of writing to whom all wisdom is traced, it is See also:

• FAIR

fair to assume that in so doing he was following See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient tradition and that the priests of Marduk likewise were dependent upon the school at Borsippa for their knowledge and wisdom . Nebo is therefore an older god than Marduk in the sense that his specific See also:

• PREROGATIVE

prerogative as the god of wisdom was too firmly recognized when Marduk became the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the Babylonian pantheon to be set aside .

The See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple school at Borsippa continued to flourish until the end of the neo-Babylonian empire, and. school texts of various contents, dated in the reigns of See also:

• ARTAXERXES

Artaxerxes, See also:

• CAMBYSES (528-521)
• CAMBYSES (Pers. Kambujiya)

Cambyses and See also:

• DARIUS (Pers. Darayavaush; Old Test. Daryavesh)

Darius, furnish the evidence that the school survived even the See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of Babylonia by See also:

• CYPRUS
• CYPRUS, CHURCH OF

Cyprus (538 B.C.) . The See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character of Nebo can no longer be determined with any degree of definiteness . He may have been a See also:

• SOLAR, SOLLER (Lat. solarium, Fr.• galetas, Ital. solaio)

solar deity, but there are also decided indications which point to his being a See also:

• WATER

water-deitylike Ea . It may be, therefore, that if he shows the traits of a solar deity, this may be due to the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the neighbouring Marduk cult, just as in return Marduk takes on attributes that belong of right to Nebo . Thus, as the god of writing, Nebo has See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of the tables of See also:

• FATE

fate on which he inscribes the names of men and decides what their See also:

• LOT
• LOT (Lat. Oltis)

lot is to be . If in the systematized religious See also:

• SYSTEM

system, Marduk appears as the arbiter of human fates, the conclusion is warranted that Marduk is here imbued with the authority which originally was in the hands of his son . A reconciliation between the See also:

• RIVAL

rival claims was effected by continuing Nebo in the role of See also:

• SCRIBE, AUGUSTIN EUGENE (1791-1860, French dramatist, was born in Paris on the 24th of December 1791. His father was a silk merchant, and he was well educated, being destined for the bar. But, having a real gift for the theatre, a gift which unfortunately

scribe, but as writing at the dictation of the gods, thus recording what the divine See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly, gathered in the " chamber of fates " (known as Ubshu Kinakku) within the precincts of E-Saggila—Marduk's temple at Babylon—under the See also:

• PRESIDENCY

presidency of Marduk, had decided . Nebo also does homage to his See also:

• FATHER

father by paying him an See also:

• ANNUAL

annual visit during the New See also:

• YEAR

Year celebration, when the god was solemnly carried across to Babylon, and in return Marduk accompanied his son See also:

• PART

part way back to his See also:

• SHRINE (Lat. scrinium, a case or chest for books, hence a casket; from scribere, to write, Fr. ecrin, Ital. scrigno)

shrine at Borsippa . Within ESaggila, Nebo had a See also:

• SANCTUARY (from the late Lat. sanctuarium, a sacred place)

sanctuary known, as was his chief temple at Borsippa, as E-Zida, " the legitimate (or ' See also:

• FIRM

firm') See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house," and the close See also:

• BOND
• BOND, SIR EDWARD AUGUSTUS (1815-1898)

bond existing between father and son was emphasized by providing for Marduk within theprecinct of E-Zida, a sanctuary which See also:

• BORE

bore the same name, E-Saggila, " the lofty house," as Marduk's temple at Babylon . The See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings, and more particularly those of the neo-Babylonian See also:

• DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty, devote themselves assiduously to the worship and embellishment of both E-Saggila and E-Zida . In their See also:

• INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions Marduk and Nebo are invoked together and the names of the two temples constantly placed side by side . The symbols of the two gods are similarly combined .

On boundary stones and cylinders, when Marduk's See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol—the See also:

• LANCE

lance—is depicted, Nebo's symbol—the stylus—is generally found adjacent . The See also:

• DRAGON (Fr. dragon, through Lat. draco, from the Greek; connected with SEpeoµay " see," and interpreted as " sharp-sighted "; O.H. Ger. tracho, dracho, M.H.G. trache, Mod. Ger. Drachen; A.S. draca, hence the equivalent English form " drake," " fire-drake,

dragon, though of right belonging to Marduk (q.v.), as the conqueror of Tiamat, also becomes the symbol of Nebo, and similarly in other respects the two form a close See also:

• PARTNERSHIP (earlier forms, partener, parcener, from Late Lat. partionarius for partitionarius, from partitio, sharing, pars, part)

partnership . Such is the relation between the two that occasionally, as in the See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official reports of astrologers and in official letters, Nebo is even mentioned before Marduk without fear of thereby offending the See also:

• PRIDE, THOMAS (d. 1658)

pride of the priests of Marduk . In Assyria the Nebo cult likewise enjoyed See also:

• GREAT

great popularity, and there is a See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of one See also:

• ASSYRIAN

Assyrian ruler who made Nebo his specific deity and called upon his subjects to put their whole See also:

• TRUST

trust in him . One may discern, indeed, a tendency in Assyria to take See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage of the almost equal See also:

• PLANE

plane on which Nebo stands with Marduk in Babylonia, to play off Nebo as it were against Marduk . The Assyrian kings in this way, by glorifying at times Nebo at the expense of Marduk, paid their See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt of homage to the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south without any See also:

• RISK

risk of lowering the grade of their own chief deity Assur . Marduk was in a measure Assur's rival . This was not the case, however, with Nebo, and they accordingly showed a See also:

• DESIRE

desire to regard Nebo rather than Marduk as the characteristic representative of the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern pantheon . In the astral-theological system Nebo was identified with the See also:

• PLANET (Gr. ssXavirrns, a wanderer)

planet See also:

• MERCURY
• MERCURY (MERCU1uus)
• MERCURY (symbol Hg, atomic weight = 2oo)

Mercury . His consort, known as Tashmit, plays no See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent part, and is rarely invoked except in connexion with Nebo . See also BABYLON, BORSIPPA, BABYLONIAN AND ASSYRIAN See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

RELIGION . (M .