NELEUS  , in See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend, son of See also:

• POSEIDON

Poseidon and Tyro, See also:

• BROTHER

brother of See also:

• PELIAS

Pelias . The two See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children were exposed by their See also:

• MOTHER

mother, who afterwards married Cretheus, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Iolcus in See also:

• THESSALY

Thessaly . After of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war with See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain . The dispute was settled, and See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

Captain Suckling was transferred to the " See also:

• TRIUMPH (triumphus)

Triumph," the guardship at See also:

• CHATHAM
• CHATHAM, WILLIAM PITT

Chatham, whither he took his See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew . In See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order that the lad might have more practice than could be obtained on a See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour See also:

• SHIP

ship, his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle sent him to the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies in a See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel, and on his return gave him See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant employment in See also:

• BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

boat See also:

• WORK

work on the See also:

• RIVER

river . In a brief See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch of his See also:

• LIFE

life, which he See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew up i . 1799, See also:

• NELSON
• NELSON, HORATIO NELSON, VISCOUNT (1758-1805)
• NELSON, ROBERT (s656-1715)

Nelson says that in this way he became a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• PILOT

pilot for small vessels " from Chatham to the See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

Tower of See also:

• LONDON

London, down the Swin, and the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• FORELAND, NORTH

Foreland; and confident of myself among rocks and sands, which has many times since been of See also:

• GREAT

great comfort to me." Between See also:

• APRIL

April and See also:

• OCTOBER

October of 1772 he served with Captain Lutwidge in the " See also:

• CARCASS

Carcass," one of the vessels which went on a not otherwise notable voyage to the See also:

• ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

Arctic seas with Captain Phipps, better known by his Irish See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron See also:

• MULGRAVE, EARLDOM OF

Mulgrave . On his return from the north he was sent to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Indies in the " Seahorse," in which vessel he made the acquaintance of his lifelong friend See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• TROUBRIDGE, SIR THOMAS, BART

Troubridge . At the end of two years he was invalided See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home . In after times he spoke of the depression under which he laboured during the return voyage, till " after a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and gloomy See also:

• REVERIE

reverie, in which I almost wished myself overboard, a sudden glow of patrotism was kindled within me, and presented my king and my See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country as my See also:

• PATRON

patron . My mind exulted in the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea . `Well then,' I exclaimed, `I will be a See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero, and, confiding in See also:

• PROVIDENCE

Providence, I will brave every danger.' " He spoke to See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends of the " radiant See also:

• ORB

orb" which from that See also:

• HOUR

hour hung ever before him, and "urged him onward to renown." On his return home he served during a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short cruise in the " See also:

• WORCESTER
• WORCESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• WORCESTER, JOHN TIPTOFT, EARL OF (1427—1470)
• WORCESTER, WILLIAM (c. 1415-c. 1482)

Worcester " See also:

• FRIGATE

frigate, passed his examination as See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant on the 9th April 1777, and was confirmed in the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank next See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day .

He went to the West Indies with Captain Locker in the " See also:

• LOWESTOFT

Lowestoft " frigate, was transferred to the See also:

• FLAGSHIP

flagship by the See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral commanding on the station, See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker (1721-1810, and was then by him promoted in rapid See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession to the command of the " See also:

• BADGER

Badger " brig, and the " Hinchinbrook " frigate . By this See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment, which he received in 1779, he was placed in the rank of See also:

• POST

post captain (from which promotion to See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag rank was by seniority), at the very See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twenty . His connexion with Captain Suckling may, no doubt, have been of use to him, but in the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main he owed his rapid rise to his See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power of winning the See also:

• AFFECTION (Lat. ad, and facere, to do something to, sc. a person)

affection of all those he met, whether as comrades or superiors . Sir Peter Parker and See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady Parker remained his friends all through his life . In 178o he saw his first active service in an expedition to See also:

• SAN

San Juan de See also:

• NICARAGUA

Nicaragua, which was rendered deadly by the See also:

• CLIMATE

climate . He was brought to See also:

• DEATH

death's See also:

• DOOR (corresponding to the Gr. Bbpa,. Lat. fores or valvae; the English word, with other forms common in allied languages, comes from the same Indo-European stem as the Gr. Obpa and Lat. fares)

door by See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever, and invalided home once more . In 1781 he was appointed to the "See also:

• ALBEMARLE, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Albemarle" frigate, and after some See also:

• CONVOY

convoy service in the North See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea and the See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

Sound was sent to See also:

• NEWFOUNDLAND

Newfoundland and thence to the North See also:

• AMERICAN

American station . " See also:

• FAIR

Fair See also:

• CANADA

Canada," as he has recorded in one of his letters, gave him the good See also:

• HEALTH

health he had so far never enjoyed . At See also:

• QUEBEC

Quebec he formed one of those passionate attachments to See also:

• WOMEN

women which marked his career . He now made the See also:

• PERSONAL

personal acquaintance of Sir See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel See also:

• HOOD,
• HOOD, JOHN BELL (1831–1879)
• HOOD, SAMUEL HOOD, VISCOUNT (1724–1816)
• HOOD, SIR SAMUEL (1762-1814)
• HOOD, THOMAS (1799-1845)
• HOOD, TOM (1835–1874)

Hood, See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord Hood . In the autobiographical sketch already quoted he mentions the high See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion formed of him by the admiral who presented him to See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• CLARENCE, DUKES OF

Clarence, afterwards King William IV., as an officer well qualified to instruct him in " See also:

• NAVAL

naval See also:

• TACTICS (Gr. TaeTOc*, sc. TEXvnI, from TavQecv, to arrange in order of battle)

tactics," by which we must perhaps understand See also:

• SEAMANSHIP

seamanship . Prince William has See also:

• LEFT

left a brief but singularly vivid See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of their first See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting .

He appeared, says the Prince, "to be the merest boy of a captain I ever beheld; and his See also:

• DRESS (from the Fr. dresser, to set out, arrange, formed from Lat. directus, arranged, dirigere, to direct, arrange)

dress was worthy of See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention . He had on a full-laced See also:

• UNIFORM

uniform; his lank unpowdered See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair was tied in a stiff See also:

• HESSIAN

Hessian tail of an extra-See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary length; the old-fashioned flaps of his waistcoat added to the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general quaintness of his figure, and produced an See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance which particularly attracted my See also:

• NOTICE

notice; for I had never seen anything like it before, nor could I imagine who he was or what he came about . My doubts were, however, removed when Lord Hood introduced me to him . There was something irresistibly pleasing in his address and conversation; and an See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm, when speaking on professional subjects, that showed he was no See also:

• COMMON

common being." The slight oddity of appearance, In See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1783, at the very end of the American War, he saw his second piece of active service . He was repulsed in an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to retake Turk's See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island from the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . The See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace gave him leisure to pay a visit to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, for which country and all its ways he entertained a dislike and contempt characteristic of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . In France he formed another See also:

• ATTACHMENT

attachment, and went so far as to apply to a•maternal uncle for an See also:

• ALLOWANCE (from "allow,' derived through 0. Fr. alouer from the two Lat. origins adlaudare, to praise, and allocare, to assign a place; so that the English word combined the general idea of "assigning with approval")

allowance to eke out his See also:

• HALF

half-pay . It came to nothing, presumably by refusal on the lady's See also:

• PART

part . And now when the See also:

• NAVY

navy was cut down to the See also:

• QUICK

quick on the peace See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment, and the vast See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of naval See also:

• OFFICERS

officers were condemned to idleness on See also:

• SHORE

shore, he had the extraordinary good See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune to be appointed to the command of the "Koreas" frigate, for service in the West Indies . Nelson found in this See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission an opportunity for the display of his readiness to assume responsibility . He signalized his arrival in the West Indies by refusing to obey an order of the admiral which required him to acknowledge a half-pay officer acting as See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of the dockyard at See also:

• ANTIGUA

Antigua as his See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior . He insisted on enforcing the See also:

• NAVIGATION (from Lat. navis, ship, and agere, to move)

Navigation See also:

• LAWS

Laws against the Americans, who by becoming See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent had become foreigners .

He called the attention of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government to the corruption prevailing in the dockyard of Antigua . His See also:

• LINE

line was in all cases correct, but it impressed the See also:

• ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

admiralty as somewhat assuming, and his strong See also:

• MEASURES

measures against the interloping See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade brought on him many lawsuits, which, though he was defended at the expense of the government, caused him much trouble for years . In the West Indies on the 12th of March 1787 he married Frances Nisbet (1761-1831), the widow of a See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor in See also:

• NEVIS

Nevis,whose favour he first gained by being found romping on all fours with her little boy under the See also:

• DRAWING

drawing-See also:

• ROOM

room table . The See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage was one of affection and prudence, rather than of love . Though Nelson had as yet seen little active service, and that little had not been specially distinguished, he had already gained that reputation within his own service which commonly precedes public recognition . His See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character had been fully See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed, and his capacity proved . His See also:

• HORIZON (Gr. 6pfTwv, dividing)

horizon was narrow, being strictly confined to his profession . He had all the convictions of the typical See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

Bull of his See also:

• GENERATION (from Lat. generare, to beget, procreate; genus, stock, race)

generation . The See also:

• LOYALTY

loyalty of a devoted subject was strong in him . He burned to win affection, admiration, distinction . He was a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man to do whatever there was to be done to the utmost . A more magnificent See also:

• INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument for use in the great Revolutionary struggle now See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close at See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand could not have been forged .

War having broken out, he was appointed captain of the "See also:

• AGAMEMNON

Agamemnon" (64) on the 3oth of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1793; and joined his ship on the 7th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February . From this date till See also:

• JUNE

June 1800, rather more than seven years, he was engaged on continual active service, with the exception of a few months when he was invalided home . This See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period is the most varied, the busiest, the most glorious and the most debated of a very full career . It subdivides naturally into three sections; (r) From the date o1 his appointment as captain of the "Agamemnon" till he was disabled by the loss of his See also:

• ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf. the Lat. armus, shoulder, and the plural word arma, weapons, Gr. apphs, joint, and the reduplicated apapilKSV, to join)

arm in the unsuccessful attack on See also:

• SANTA

Santa Cruz de Tenerife on the 24th of See also:

• JULY

July 1797 he served as captain, or See also:

• COMMODORE (a form of " commander"; in the 17th century the term " commandore " is used)

commodore, under Hood, See also:

• HOTHAM, SIR JOHN (d. 1645)
• HOTHAM, WILLIAM HOTHAM, 1ST BARON (1736-1813)

Hotham and Jervis, successive commanders-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief in the Mediterranean . (2) After an See also:

• INTERVAL

interval of nine months spent at home in recovering from his See also:

• WOUND (O. Eng. wund,connected with a Teutonic verb, meaning to strive, fight, suffer, seen in O. Eng. winnan, whence Eng. " win ")

wound, and from the effects of a badly performed operation, he returned to the Mediterranean, and was at once sent in pursuit of the great French armament which sailed from See also:

• TOULON

Toulon under the command of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon for the See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt . His victory of the See also:

• NILE
• NILE, BATTLE OF THE
• NILE, SOBAT

Nile on the 1st of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1798 placed him at once in the foremost rank among the warriors of a warlike time, and made him a See also:

• NATIONAL

national hero . With his return to See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples on the 22nd of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September the second period ends . (3) From now till he landed at See also:

• LEGHORN (Ital. Livorno, Fr. Livourne)

Leghorn on the 26th of July 1800, on his return home across See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, he was entangled at Naples in See also:

• POLITICAL

political transactions and intrigues, which he was III prepared to See also:

• DEAL

deal with either by nature or training, and was plunged into the absorbing See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion, II ' which did increase his popularity with the See also:

• MOB

mob, but cost him many friends . The first of these three passages in his life is full of events which must, however, be told briefly . In May he sailed for the Mediterranean with Hood, and was engaged under his orders in the occupation of Toulon by the allied See also:

• BRITISH

British and . See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish forces . In August 1793 he was despatched to Naples to convoy the troops which the Neapolitan government had undertaken to contribute towards the See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison of Toulon .

It was on this occasion that he made the acquaintance of Emma See also:

• HAMILTON
• HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
• HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
• HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
• HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
• HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
• HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
• HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
• HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
• HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
• HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
• HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)

Hamilton (q.v.), the wife of Sir William Hamilton, See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister at the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

Court of Naples . References to Lady Hamilton begin to appear in his letters to his wife, but, as might be expected, -they indicate little beyond respectful admiration, and he makes a good deal of her kindness to his stepson, See also:

• JOSIAH (Heb. yo' shiyydhu, perhaps " Yah [weh] supports ")

Josiah Nisbet, whom he had taken to sea . See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Nisbet was afterwards promoted to post captain, and was put in command of a frigate at an improperly early age by Nelson's See also:

• INTEREST

interest . He proved quite unworthy, and in the end died mad . After the See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies had been driven from Toulon by Napoleon, Nelson was employed throughout 1794 in the operations connected with the occupation of See also:

• CORSICA (Fr. Corse)

Corsica . In April and May he was engaged in the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of See also:

• BASTIA

Bastia, and June and July in the taking of See also:

• CALVI

Calvi . Both towns really surrendered from want of stores, but the naval brigades under Nelson's personal direction were conspicuously active, and their See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy was favourably contrasted with the alleged formality of the troops . During the operations at Calvi, Nelson's right See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye was destroyed by See also:

• GRAVEL, or PEBBLE BEDS

gravel driven into it by a See also:

• CANNON (a word common to Romance languages, from the Lat. canna, a reed, tube, with the addition of the augmentative termination -on, -one)

cannon shot which struck the ground close to him . From the date of the occupation of Corsica till the island was evacuated, that is to say, from the end of 1794 till the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of 1796, he was incessantly active . He served under Hotham, who undertook the command when Hood returned to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and was engaged in the indecisive actions fought by him in the Gulf of See also:

• LYONS
• LYONS (Fr. Lyon)
• LYONS, COUNCILS OF
• LYONS, EDMUND LYONS, BARON (1790-1858)
• LYONS, RICHARD BICKERTON PEMELL LYONS, 1ST EARL (1817–1887)

Lyons in March and July 1795 . The easy-going ways of the new admiral fretted the eager spirit of Nelson, and Hotham's placid See also:

• SATISFACTION (Lat. salisfacerc, to satisfy)

satisfaction with the trifling result of his encounters with the French provoked his subordinate into declaring that, for his part, he would never think that the British See also:

• FLEET

fleet had done very well if a single ship of the enemy got off while there was a possibility of taking her . His zeal found more satisfaction when he was detached to the See also:

• RIVIERA

Riviera of See also:

• GENOA (anc. Genua, Ital. Genova, Fr. GPnes)

Genoa, where, first as captain, and then as commodore, he had an opportunity to prove his qualities for independent command by harassing the communications of the French, and co-operating with the Austrians .

In Sir John Jervis, who superseded Hotham, he found a See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader after his own See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart . When Spain, after first making peace with France at See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel, declared war on England, and the fleet under Jervis withdrew from the Mediterranean, Nelson was despatched to See also:

• ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; Lat. Ilva)

Elba on a hazardous See also:

• MISSION

mission to bring off the small garrison and the naval stores . He sailed in the "Minerve" frigate, having another with him . After a See also:

• SMART, CHRISTOPHER (1722-1771)
• SMART, HENRY (1813–1879)
• SMART, JOHN (c. 1740–1811)
• SMART, SIR GEORGE THOMAS (1776–1867)

smart See also:

• ACTION

action with two Spanish frigates which he took off Carthagena on the loth of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December, and a narrow See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape from a See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron of Spanish line of See also:

• BATTLE

battle See also:

• SHIPS

ships, he fulfilled his mission, and rejoined the flag of Jervis on the See also:

• EVE

eve of the great battle off Cape St See also:

• VINCENT (or VINCENTIUS), ST
• VINCENT, GEORGE (1796-1831?)
• VINCENT, MARY ANN (1818-1887)

Vincent on the 14th of February 1797 (see ST VINCENT, BATTLE oF) . The See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment, See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence and promptitude- he showed in this famous engagement, were rewarded by the conspicuous part he had in the victory, and revealed him to the nation as one of the heroes of the navy . Nelson receiving the swords of the Spanish officers on the See also:

• DECK

deck of the " San Josef " became at once a popular figure . A few days after the victory he became See also:

• REAR

rear-admiral by seniority, but continued with Jervis, who was made a peer under the title of See also:

• EARL

Earl St Vincent . Nelson's own services were recognized by the See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant of the See also:

• KNIGHTHOOD

knighthood of the See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

Bath . During the trying months in which the fleet was menaced by the See also:

• SEDITION (Lat. se or sed, apart, and ire, to go, a going apart, dissension)

sedition then rife in the navy, which came to a See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head in the mutinies at Spithead and the See also:

• NORE, THE

Nore, he remained with the flag, and in the See also:

• BLOCKADE
• BLOCKADE (Fr. blocus, Ger. Blokade)

blockade of See also:

• CADIZ
• CADIZ (Cadiz)
• CADIZ (in Lat. Gades, and formerly called Cales by the English)

Cadiz . In July 1797 he was sent on a desperate mission to Santa Cruz de Tenerife . It was believed that a Spanish Manilla ship carrying treasure had anchored at thatplace, and Lord St Vincent was desirous of depriving the enemy of this resource . The enterprise was, in fact, rash in the last degree, for the soldiers from the garrisons of Elba and Corsica having gone home, no troops were available for the service, and a fortified See also:

• TOWN

town was to be taken by man-el-war boats alone .

Nelson's well-established character for daring marked him out for a See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty which could only succeed by dash and surprise, if it was to succeed at all . But the Spaniards were on the alert, and the attack, made with the utmost daring on the See also:

• NIGHT

night of the 24th of July, was repulsed with heavy loss . Some of the boats missed the See also:

• MOLE
• MOLE, LOUIS MATHIEU, COMTE (1781—1855)
• MOLE, MATHIEU (1584—1656)

mole in the dark and were See also:

• STOVE

stove in by the surf, others which found the mole were shattered by the See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire of the Spaniards . Nelson's right See also:

• ELBOW

elbow was shot through, and he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell back into the boat from which he was directing the attack . The amputation of his arm was badly performed in the See also:

• HURRY (or URRV), SIR JOHN (d. 165o)

hurry and the dark . He was invalided home, and spent months of extreme See also:

• PAIN (from Lat. poena, Gr. robin, penalty, that which must be paid: O. Fr. peine)
• PAIN, BARRY (1867– )

pain in London and at Bath . On the loth of April 1798 he came back to the fleet off Cadiz as rear-admiral, with his flag in the " See also:

• VAN

Van-guard " (74) . He was now one of the most distinguished officers in the navy . Within the next six months he was to raise himself far above the heads of all his contemporaries . It was notorious that a great armament was preparing at Toulon for some unknown destination . To discover its purpose, and to defeat it, the British government resolved to send their naval forces again into the Mediterranean, and Nelson was chosen for the command by Jervis, with whom the immediate decision See also:

• LAY

lay, but also by ministers . Having joined the flag of Lord St Vincent outside of the straits of See also:

• GIBRALTAR

Gibraltar on the 3oth of April, Nelson was detached on the 2nd of May into the Mediterranean, with three line-ofbattle ships and five frigates, to discover the aim of the Toulon armament .

Napoleon had, however, enforced rigid secrecy, and the British admiral had to confess that the French were better than the British at concealing their plans . Beyond the fact that a powerful combined force was collected in the French See also:

• PORT

port he could learn nothing . On the loth of May the " Vanguard " was dismasted in a See also:

• GALE
• GALE, THEOPHILUS (1628-1678)
• GALE, THOMAS (?1636-17o2)

gale . Nelson See also:

• BORE

bore the check in a highly characteristic manner . "I ought not," he wrote, "to See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call what has happened by the See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold name of See also:

• ACCIDENT
• ACCIDENT (from Lat. accidere, to happen)

accident; but I believe firmly that it was the Almighty's goodness to check my consummate vanity." The " Vanguard " was saved from going on shore by the See also:

• SEAMAN, OWEN (1861– )

seaman-like skill of Captain See also:

• BALL (in Mid. Eng. bal; the word is probably cognate with " bale," Teutonic in origin, cf. also Lat. falls, and Gr. 7raXXa)
• BALL, JOHN (1585-1640)
• BALL, JOHN (1818-1889)
• BALL, JOHN (d. 1381)
• BALL, SIR ALEXANDER JOHN, BART
• BALL, THOMAS (1819- )

Ball of the "See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander," against whom Nelson had hitherto had a See also:

• PREJUDICE (Lat. praejudicium)

prejudice, but for whom he had henceforth a See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar regard . The " Vanguard " was refitted by the exertions of her own See also:

• CREW (sometimes explained as a sea term of Scandinavian origin, cf. O. Icel. kris, a swarm or crowd, but now regarded as a shortened form of accrue, accrewe, used in the 16th century in the sense of a reinforcement, O. Fr. acreue, from accrofire, to grow,
• CREW, NATHANIEL CREW, 3RD BARON (1633–1721)

crew under See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover of the little island of San Pietri on the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia . In the meantime the frigates attached to his command had returned to Gibraltar, in the erroneous belief that the liners would be taken there to make good the damage suffered in the gale . " I thought See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

Hope would have known me better," said Nelson . On the 3oth of April he was off Toulon again, only to find that the French were gone, and that he could not learn whither they were steering . Racked by anxiety and deprived of his best means of obtaining See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information by the disappearance of his frigates, he remained cruising till he was joined, on the 7th of June, by Troubridge with ten See also:

• SAIL

sail of the line . And now he started on his fierce pursuit of the enemy, seeking him in the dark, for there were no scouts at hand; exasperated at being left without the eyes of his fleet; half maddened at the thought he might, by no See also:

• FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault of his own, See also:

• MISS

miss the renown towards which his prophetic See also:

• IMAGINATION

imagination had seemed to See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide him; knowing that St Vincent would be blamed for choosing so young an admiral; but resolved to follow the enemy to the See also:

• ANTIPODES (Gr. avri, opposed to, and 7r6 es, feet)

antipodes if necessary . From the coast of Sardinia to Naples, from Naples to See also:

• MESSINA

Messina, from Messina to See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria, from Alexandria, where he found the roadstead empty, back to See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, and then when at last a See also:

• RAY (Lat. raia)
• RAY (or WRAY, as he wrote his name till 1670), JOHN (1628-1705)

ray of See also:

• LIGHT

light came to him, back to Alexandria—he swept the central and eastern Mediterranean .

At no time in his life were the See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble qualities of his nature displayed more entirely See also:

• FREE

free from all alloy . He was an embodied See also:

• FLAME (Lat. flamma; the root flag- appears in flagrare, to burn, blaze, and Gr. d, XEryew)

flame of See also:

• RESOLUTION

resolution, and as yet he showed no sign of the vulgar bluster which was to appear later . In the midst of his anxieties his kindness of heart shone forth without a trace of the tendency of sentimental gush so irritatingly obvious in after days . Unlike most admirals of his time, he did not live apart from his captains, but saw much of them, and freely discussed his plans with them . He had his See also:

• REWARD

reward in their devotion and perfect comprehension of what he wished them to do . At the same time he acquired an See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute confidence in the efficiency of his squadron, the magnificent force which had been formed by years of successful war, and by the careful training of his predecessors . The captains were the See also:

• BAND

band of See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers he himself had made them . The great victory of the 1st of August 1798 (see NILE, BATTLE OF) brought Nelson yet another wound . He was struck on the forehead by a langridge shot, and had for a time to go below . It is perhaps to be lamented in the interest of his fame that the wound was not severe enough to compel him to return home . After providing for the blockade of what remained of the French fleet in Alexandria, he sailed for Naples, and arrived there on the 22nd of September . There was no rear-admiral of any See also:

• STANDING

standing in the navy who could not have done what remained to be done in the Mediterranean, under the supervision of St Vincent, as well as he .

For him Naples was a pitfall . There awaited him there precisely the influences to folly which he was least able to resist . He loved being loved, and was the man to think the See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift a See also:

• DEBT (Lat. debitum, a thing owed)

debt . He had an insatiable appetite for praise . With those weaknesses of character which caused Lord See also:

• MINTO, EARLS OF
• MINTO, WILLIAM (1845-1893)

Minto, who yet never ceased to regard him with sincere friendship, to say that he was in some respects a " baby," he was disarmed in the presence of the two women who now made a determined attempt to capture him . Emma Hamilton, who could not help endeavouring to conquer every man she met, was naturally eager to dominate one who had filled Europe with his fame . Behind Emma was the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen of Naples, Maria Carolina, a woman who had a See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share of the ability of her mother Maria See also:

• THERESA, ST (1515-1582)

Theresa without any of her See also:

• FINE

fine moral qualities . Maria Carolina was all her life trying to fight the power of revolutionary France, with no better resources than were afforded her by the insignificant See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of Naples, and a See also:

• HUSBAND

husband who was the embodiment of all the faults of the See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian Bourbons . She had made use of the See also:

• ENGLISH

English minister's wife as an instrument of political intrigue, and now she employed her to See also:

• MANAGE

manage Nelson . We have the repeated assertions of Nelson himself in all his ample See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence from September 1798 to July of r800, and indeed later, to prove that he was, in his own tell-See also:

• TALE (O.Eng. talu, number, account, story; the word is common to many Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Zahl, number, Erzahlung, narrative, Du. taal, speech, language)

tale phrase, persuaded to "Sicilyfy" his See also:

• CONSCIENCE (Lat. con-scientia, literally " knowledge of a thing shared with another person " or " complete knowledge," and derivatively " consciousness in general)
• CONSCIENCE, HENDRIK (1812-1883)

conscience—in other words to turn his squadron into an instrument for the ambition, the revenge and the fears of Maria Carolina, the " Dear Queen " of his letters to Emma Hamilton . It is highly probable that he was secretly influenced by annoyance at the pedantry of the British government, which only gave him a See also:

• BARONY

barony for the splendid victory of the Nile, en the ridiculous ground that no higher title could be given to an officer who was not a See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-chief . All doubt as to the character of his relations with Lady Hamilton has been laid at See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest by the See also:

• MORRISON, ARTHUR (1863– )
• MORRISON, RICHARD JAMES (1795-1874)
• MORRISON, ROBERT (1782-1834)

Morrison papers .

None ought ever to have existed, for, if Nelson did not love this woman in the fullest possible sense of the word, his conduct would be inexplicable on any other See also:

• HYPOTHESIS (from Gr. inrorcOivat, to put under; cf. Lat. suppositio, from sub-ponere)

hypothesis than that he was an See also:

• IMBECILE (through the French from Lat. imbecillus or imbecillis, weak, feeble; of unknown origin)

imbecile . He allowed her to See also:

• WASTE (O. Fr. wast, guast, gast, gaste; Lat. vastus, vast, desolate)

waste his See also: