NERCHINSK (in full NERCHINSKIY ZAVOD)  , a town and silver-mine of East Siberia, in the government of Transbaikalia, 150 M . E.S.E. of another Nerchinsk (q.v.) (with which it is often con-fused), on a small affluent of the Argun . Pop . (1897) 3000 . It lies in a narrow valley between barren mountains, and is much better built than any of the district towns of East Siberia . It has a chemical laboratory for mining purposes, and a meteorological observatory (510 18' N., 119° 37' E., 2200 ft. above sea-level), where meteorological and magnetical observations have been made every hour since 1842 . The average yearly temperature is 25.3° F., with extremes of 97.70 and -52.6° .