See also:

• NESTOR
• NESTOR (c. 1056-c. 1114)

NESTOR (c. 1056-c. 1114)  , the reputed author of the earliest See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian See also:

• CHRONICLE (from Gr. Xpovos, time)

chronicle, was a See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk of the Pecherskiy See also:

• CLOISTER (Lat. claustrum; Fr. cloitre; Ital. chiostro; Span. claustro; Ger. Kloster)

cloister of See also:

• KIEV
• KIEV, KIEFF, or KIYEFF

Kiev from 1073 . The only other fact of his See also:

• LIFE

life is that he was commissioned with two other monks to find the See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics of St See also:

• THEODOSIUS

Theodosius, a See also:

• MISSION

mission which he succeeded in fulfilling . The chronicle begins with the See also:

• DELUGE, THE (through the Fr. from Lat. diluvium, flood, diluere, to wash away)

deluge, as those of most chroniclers of the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time did . The compiler appears to have been acquainted with the See also:

• BYZANTINE

Byzantine historians; he makes use especially of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• MALALAS (or MALELAS) (Syriac for " orator "), JOHN (c. 491-578)

Malalas and See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George Hamartolus . He also had in all See also:

• PROBABILITY (Lat. probabilis, probable or credible)

probability other See also:

• SLAVONIC, OLD

Slavonic See also:

• CHRONICLES, BOOKS OF

chronicles to compile from, which are now lost . Many legends are mixed up with See also:

• NESTOR
• NESTOR (c. 1056-c. 1114)

Nestor's Chronicle; the See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style is occasionally so poetical that perhaps he incorporated bilini which are now lost . The See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• PART

part is See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich in these stories, among which are the arrival of the three Varangian See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers, the See also:

• FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding of Kiev, the See also:

• MURDER

murder of Askold and See also:

• DIR

Dir, the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• OLEG (?-912)

Oleg, who was killed by a See also:

• SERPENT (Lat. serpens, creeping, from serpere; cf. "reptile " from repere, Gr.4 ml-eta)

serpent concealed in the See also:

• SKELETON

skeleton of his See also:

• HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse, and the vengeance taken by See also:

• OLGA

Olga, the wife of Igor, on the Drevlians, who had murdered her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband . The See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the labours of See also:

• CYRIL (376-444)
• CYRIL (827-869)
• CYRIL (c. 315–386)

Cyril and See also:

• METHODIUS (c. 825-885)

Methodius among the Slays is also very interesting, and to Nestor we owe the See also:

• TALE (O.Eng. talu, number, account, story; the word is common to many Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Zahl, number, Erzahlung, narrative, Du. taal, speech, language)

tale of the See also:

• SUMMARY

summary way in which See also:

• VLADIMIR
• VLADIMIR, ST (c. 956-1015)

Vladimir suppressed the See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship of Perun and other idols at Kiev . As an eyewitness he could only describe the reigns of Vsevolod and Sviatopoik (1078–r 112), but he gathered many interesting details from the lips of old men, two of whom were Giurata Rogovich of See also:

• NOVGOROD
• NOVGOROD (formerly known as V elikiy-Novgorod, Great Novgorod)

Novgorod, who gave him See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information concerning the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, Petchora, and other places, and See also:

• JAN

Jan, a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man ninety years of See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, who died in r I06, and was son of Vishata the See also:

• VOIVODE (also Vaivode, Vayvode, Wayvode, &c., Med. Gr. oe 68os)

voivode of See also:

• YAROSLAVL
• YAROSLAVL, or YAROSLAV

Yaroslavl and See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of Ostromir the Posadnik, for whom the Codex was written . Many of the ethnological details given by Nestor of the various races of the Slays are of the highest value . The latest theory about Nestor is that the Chronicle is a patchwork of many fragments of chronicles, and that the name of Nestor was attached to it because he wrote the greater part or perhaps because he put the fragments together . The name of a certain See also:

• SYLVESTER, JAMES
• SYLVESTER, JOSHUA (1563–1618)

Sylvester, an Igumen, is affixed to several of the See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts as the author .

The Chronicle has come down to us in several manuscripts, but unfortunately no contemporary ones, the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest being the so-called Lavrientski of the 14th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century (1377) . It was named after the monk Lavrentii, who copied it out for Dimitri Constantinovich, the See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of Souzdal . The See also:

• WORK

work, as contained in this See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript, has had many additions made to it from previous and contemporary See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island seems to have been preserved . The See also:

• PHILLIP, JOHN (1817-1867)

Phillip-Island Nestor may be distinguished from both of the New-See also:

• ZEALAND (also SEALAND Or SEELAND; Danish Sjaelland)

Zealand See also:

• SPECIES

species by its somewhat smaller See also:

• SIZE

size, See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange See also:

• THROAT (O. Eng. protu, prote or }Prota, possibly from preotan, to press, whence threat, or, with loss of initial s, connected with strut, to swell)

throat, See also:

• STRAW

straw-coloured See also:

• BREAST (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. the Ger. Brust, possibly connected with an O. Sax. brustian, to bud)

breast, and the generally lighter shade of its tints . The position of the genus Nestor in the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order Psittaci must be regarded as uncertain, but it is now usually placed in the chronicles, such as those of Volinia and Novgorod . Soloviev, the Russian historian, remarks that Nestor cannot be called the earliest Russian chronicler, but he is the first writer who took a See also:

• NATIONAL

national The of view in his See also:

• HISTORY

history, the others being merely See also:

• LOCAL

local writers . The See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language of his work, as shown in the earliest manuscripts just mentioned, is Palaeo-Slavonic with many Russisms . It has formed the subject of a valuable monograph by See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

Professor See also:

• MIKLOSICH, FRANZ VON (1813–1891)

Miklosich . The Chronicle has been translated into See also:

• POLISH

Polish, Bohemian, See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German and See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French . The compiler cannot very well be the author of the lives of Boris and Gleb, the martyrs, and of the life of St Theodosius, because they contradict many passages in the Chronicle . The work is of See also:

• PRIMARY

primary importance for early Russian history, and, although devoid of See also:

• LITERARY

literary merit, is not without its amusing episodes of an Herodotean See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . The reputed See also:

• BODY

body of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient chronicler may be seen among the relics preserved in the Pecherskiy monastery at Kiev .

See See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis Leger's Chronique See also:

• DICE (plural of die, O. Fr. de, derived from Lat. dare, to give)

dice de Nestor (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1884) ; Bestuzhev Riumin, On the See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

Composition of the Russian Chronicles till the end of the z4th century (in Russian), (St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, 1869) . (W . R .