NEWLYN  , a

village in the St Ives parliamentary division of Cornwall, England, on the shore of Mount's Bay, r m . S.W. of Penzance . It is a small fishing port, with narrow paved lanes and old-fashioned cottages . Near the parish church of St Peter stands an ancient cross of granite, discovered in a field close by . The harbour, one of the safest for small craft in the west country, is sheltered by two long and massive stone piers . A more ancient pier, originally constructed in the reign of Henry VI., was renewed in that of James I . Tin mining and smelting have been largely carried on in the neighbourhood, and several galleries were worked far under the sea . The principal modern industry, however, is fishing, especially for pilchard . The picturesque appearance of the village, with its quays and little harbour, and the grandeur of the cliffs and moorland scenery towards Land's End, make Newlyn an attractive spot . Between 188o and 1890 an artistic coterie grew up here, the leaders of which were Edwin Harris, Walter Langley, Fred Hall, Frank Bramley, T . C . Gotch, Mr and Mrs Stanhope Forbes, Chevalier Taylor and H .

S .

Tuke . The earlier artists at Newlyn were said to have selected it as their centre, because a greyness in the atmosphere helped their depiction of subtleties in tone, part of their creed being subordination of colour to tone-gradation . In later times, the element of a common ideal tended to disappear, but the interest of the " Newlyn school " attracted a regular art-colony, who in various ways assimilated and expressed the picturesque influences of the place (see PAINTING: Recent British) . There is a permanent Art Gallery, containing examples of the work of the Newlyn artists . Newlyn ward in the urban district of PAUL (pop .