Online Encyclopedia

WILLIAM NICOL

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 662 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILLIAM
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NICOL  ( ? 1768-1851}, Scottish physicist, was
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born about 1768, and died as
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Edinburgh on the 2nd of
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September 1851 . Nothing is known of his
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early
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history beyond the fact that, after amassing a small competence as a popular lecturer on natural
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philosophy, he settled in Edinburgh to live a very retired
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life in the society of his apparatus alone . Besides the invention of the
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prism known by his name (" A method of increasing the divergence of the two rays in calcareous spar, so as to produce a single
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image," New Edin . Journ., 1828), he devoted himself chiefly to the examination of fluid-filled cavities in crystals, and of the microscopic structure of various kinds of fossil
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wood . His skill as a working
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lapidary was very
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great; and he prepared a number of lenses of
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garnet and other
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precious stones, which he preferred to the achromatic microscopes of the
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time .

End of Article: WILLIAM NICOL
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