See also:

• NITHARD (d. 844)

NITHARD (d. 844)  , Frankish historian, was the illegitimate son of See also:

• ANGILBERT (d. 814)

Angilbert, the friend of See also:

• CHARLEMAGNE [CHARLES THE GREAT] (c. 742-814)
• CHARLEMAGNE, JEAN ARMAND (1753–1838)

Charlemagne, by Bertha, a daughter of the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor . He was educated at the imperial See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court and became See also:

• ABBOT (from the Hebrew ab, a father, through the Syriac abba, Lat. abbas, gen. abbatis, O.E. abbad, fr. late Lat. form abbad-em changed in 13th century under influence of the Lat. form to abbat, used alternatively till the end of the 17th century; Ger. Ab
• ABBOT, EZRA (1819-1884)
• ABBOT, GEORGE (1603-1648)
• ABBOT, ROBERT (1588?–1662?)
• ABBOT, WILLIAM (1798-1843)

abbot of St Riquier in commendam, never taking the vows . Little else is known about his See also:

• LIFE

life, but he appears to have served his See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles the Bald, on peaceful errands and also on the See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field of See also:

• BATTLE

battle . He fought for Charles at See also:

• FONTENOY

Fontenoy in See also:

• JUNE

June 841, and died as the result of wounds received whilst fighting for him against the Northmen near See also:

• ANGOULEME
• ANGOULEME, CHARLES DE VALOIS, DUKE OF (1573-1650)

Angouleme . The date of his See also:

• DEATH

death was probably the 14th of June 844 . In the 11th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century his See also:

• BODY

body? with the fatal See also:

• WOUND (O. Eng. wund,connected with a Teutonic verb, meaning to strive, fight, suffer, seen in O. Eng. winnan, whence Eng. " win ")

wound still visible, was found in the See also:

• GRAVE

grave of his See also:

• FATHER

father, Angilbert . See also:

• NITHARD (d. 844)

Nithard's See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• WORK

work consists of four books on the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the Carolingian See also:

• EMPIRE

empire under the turbulent sons of the emperor See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis I., especially during the troubled See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period between 84o and 843 . This Historiae or De dissensionibus filiorum Ludovici pii is valuable for the See also:

• LIGHT

light which it throws upon the causes which led to the disintegration of the Carolingian empire . Although rough in See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, See also:

• PARTISAN, or PARTIZAN

partisan in See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character and sometimes incorrect in detail, the books are the work of a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man who had an intimate knowledge of the events which he relates, who possessed a clear and virile mind, and who above all was not a recluse but a man of See also:

• ACTION

action . They are dedicated to Charles the Bald, at whose See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request they were written . The Historiae has been printed several times . Perhaps the best edition is in See also:

• BAND

Band ii. of the Monumenta Germaniae historic¢ .

Scriptores; it has also been edited by A . Holder (See also:

• FREIBURG

Freiburg, 1882) . It has been translated into See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German by J. von Jasmund (See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, 1851; new edition by W . See also:

• WATTENBACH, WILHELM (1819–1897)

Wattenbach, See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1889) ; and into See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in tome iii. of See also:

• GUIZOT, FRANCOIS PIERRE GUILLAUME (1787-1874)

Guizot's Collection See also:

• DES

des memoires (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1824) . See O . Kuntzemuller, Nithard and sein Geschichtswerk (See also:

• JENA

Jena, 1873) ; G . See also:

• MEYER, CHRISTIAN ERICH HERMANN VON (18or-1869)
• MEYER, HEINRICH AUGUST WILHELM (1800-1873)
• MEYER, JULIUS LOTHAR (183o-1895)
• MEYER, KONRAD FERDINAND (1825-1898)
• MEYER, VICTOR (1848-1897)
• MEYER, [MARIE] PAUL HYACINTHE (184o- )

Meyer von Knonau, Uber Nithards vier See also:

• BUCHER, LOTHAR (1817–1892)

Bucher Geschichten (Leipzig, 1866) ; and W . Wattenbach, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen, Band i . (Berlin, 1904) .