NNINIININI  HNIINN _ 00-'•~'"u~m~i"liimiX~(!~"mm~n~uni~~uxui~~u"~"~u~~ nm~, than in the " Tsukuba " type . The armament is also more powerful, twelve 6-in. guns being replaced by eight 8-in. guns mounted in pairs in barbettes, while the 4.7-in, guns are increased to fourteen in number . The " Ibuki " is fitted with turbines of 27,000' H.P., the " Kurama " with reciprocating engines of 22,500 I.H.P . The disposition of guns and

armour are as shown in fig . 106 . In 1910 Japan ordered of Vickers Co. an armoured cruiser of 27,000 tons and 72,000 H.P . Russia.—Before the Russo-Japanese War, Russia had provided herself with a great variety of fast, well-armed cruisers of various sizes, including some very notable vessels . Of. those which remained in 1910 may be mentioned the protected cruiser " Zhemchug," of 3100 tons, 17,000 I.H.P., 24 knots, carrying eight 4.7-in. guns; the " Askold," built at Kiel in 1900, 65o0 tons displacement, 20,000 I.H.P. and 23 knots speed, armed with twelve 6-in., twelve 12-pdr. and other smaller guns; the " Diana " and " Aurora," of 663o tons and 20 knots; the " Bogatyr " and similar vessels launched 1901-1903, of 6675 tons displacement, 20,000 I.H.P., 24 knots speed, armed with twelve 6-in., twelve 12-pdr. and several smaller guns, and having a protective deck 11 to 2 in. in thickness . The armoured cruisers, " Rossia," of 12,200 tons and 20 knots, and " Gromoboi," of 13,220 tons, 15,500 I.H.P. and 20 knots speed, carry four 8-in., twenty-two 6-in. and other smaller guns, and are protected by 6-in. armour . Since the war several vessels of this type have been built, including three of a new " Bayan " class, 7900 tons displacement, 19,000 I.H.P., 22 knots, armed with two 8-in., eight 6-in., twenty 12-pdr. and other smaller guns, and protected by 6-in. armour; and the " Rurik," built at Barrow in 1906, 490 ft. in length, 15,190 tons displacement, 19,100 I.H.P. and 211 knots speed, armed with four 10-in. guns mounted in pairs in barbettes forward and aft, eight 8-in. and twenty 4.7-in. guns, and protected by a complete belt of armour 12 ft. deep, 6 in. thick amidships, tapering to 4 in. forward and 3 in. aft . Italy.—Italy possesses several protected cruisers of the " Piemonte " type already described as well as a number of smaller vessels . She was in 1910 building scouts of the " Quarto " type of about 3500 tons displacement and 27 knots, armed with 4.7-in. and 12-pdr. guns .

The most notable

Italian cruisers are, however, those of the " Garibaldi " class, which are heavily armed, well armoured and of moderate speed . They have been developed from the " Marco Polo " type, which comprises three vessels; the " Marco Polo," launched in 1892, of 4500 tons, 19 knots, armed with six 6-in., ten 4.7-in. and several smaller guns, and protected by a 4-in. armour belt as well as a steel deck; the " Vettor Pisani " and the " Carlo Alberto," which are of 6400 tons, carry twelve 6-in., six 4.7-in., fourteen 6-pdr. and other smaller guns .