BARONS See also:

• NORTH
• BARONS NORTH
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

NORTH  . The See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North of her son See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John North (b . 2836) succeeded as 11th Kirtling was created for See also:

• EDWARD

Edward North (c . 1496-1564), son of See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

baron, the title now being See also:

• SEPARATE

separate from that of See also:

• GUILFORD
• GUILFORD, BARONS AND EARLS OF

Guilford . See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger North, a See also:

• LONDON

London See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

citizen, in 15J4; he was a successful NORTH, See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• DUDLEY
• DUDLEY, BARONS AND EARLS OF
• DUDLEY, EDMUND (c. 1462—1510)
• DUDLEY, SIR ROBERT (1573—1649)
• DUDLEY, THOMAS (1576-1653)

DUDLEY (1641-1691), English economist, lawyer, clerk of the See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament (1531) and See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court was 4th son of Dudley, 4th Lord North, who published, of augmentations (1545)• His second son was Sir See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas North besides other things, Passages See also:

• RELATING

relating to the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

Long Parliament, (q.v.), and he was succeeded as 2nd baron by his son Roger (1S3o- 1 See also:

• GARDINER
• GARDINER, JAMES (1688-1745)
• GARDINER, SAMUEL RAWSON (1829–1902)
• GARDINER, STEPHEN (c. 1493–1555)

Gardiner's See also:

• CIVIL

Civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, iv . 285 . 1600), a prominent courtier and soldier of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth's 2 Roger North's Autobiography, ed. by A . Jessopp, 68 . of which he had himself been a member . He was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 16th of May 1641 . In his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early years he was carried off by See also:

• GIPSIES, or GYPSIES

gipsies and recovered with some difficulty by his See also:

• FAMILY

family—an incident curiously similar to that which befell See also:

• ADAM
• ADAM (or ADAN) DE LE HALE (died c. 1288)
• ADAM, ALEXANDER (1741–1809)
• ADAM, JULIETTE (1836– )
• ADAM, LAMBERT SIGISBERT (1700-1759)
• ADAM, MELCHIOR (d. 1622)
• ADAM, PAUL (1862– )
• ADAM, ROBERT (1728—1792)
• ADAM, SIR FREDERICK (1781-1853)
• ADAM, WILLIAM (1751-1839)

Adam See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith in his See also:

• INFANCY

infancy . He engaged in See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, especially with See also:

• TURKEY

Turkey, and spent a number of years at See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople and See also:

• SMYRNA (Ismir)

Smyrna .

Some notices of the See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners and customs of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east were printed from his papers by his See also:

• BROTHER

brother . Having returned to London with a considerable See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune, he continued to prosecute trade with the See also:

• LEVANT

Levant . His ability and knowledge of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce attracted the See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and he was further recommended by the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of his brother Lord Guilford . During the Tory reaction under See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II. he was one of the sheriffs forced on the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of London with an See also:

• EXPRESS (through the French from the past participle of the Lat. exprimere, to press out, by transference used of representing objects in painting or sculpture, or of thoughts, &c. in words)

express view to securing verdicts for the See also:

• CROWN

crown in See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state trials . He was knighted, and was appointed a See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of customs, afterwards of the See also:

• TREASURY

treasury, and again of the customs . Having been elected a member of parliament under See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James II., " he took," says Roger North, " the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of manager for the crown in all matters of See also:

• REVENUE
• REVENUE (0. Fr. revenu, from revenir, to return)

revenue." After the Revolution he was called to See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account for his alleged unconstitutional proceedings in his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of See also:

• SHERIFF

sheriff . He died on the 31st of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1691 . His See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract entitled Discourses upon Trade, principally directed to the cases of the See also:

• INTEREST

interest, coinage, clipping and increase of See also:

• MONEY

money, was published anonymously in 1691, and was edited in 1856 by J . R . M`Culloch in the Select Collection of Early English Tracts on Commerce printed by the See also:

• POLITICAL

Political See also:

• ECONOMY

Economy See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

Club of London . In this thorough-going and emphatic assertion of the See also:

• FREE

free-trade See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine against the See also:

• SYSTEM

system of prohibitions which had gained strength by the Revolution, North shows that See also:

• WEALTH

wealth may exist independently of See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold or See also:

• SILVER

silver, its source being human See also:

• INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry, applied either to the cultivation of the See also:

• SOIL

soil or to manufactures . It is a See also:

• MISTAKE (i.e. take amiss)

mistake to suppose that stagnation of trade arises from want of money; it must arise either from a glut of the See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home See also:

• MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market, or from a disturbance of foreign commerce, or from diminished See also:

• CONSUMPTION (Lat. consumere)

consumption caused by poverty .

The export of money in the course of See also:

• TRAFFIC

traffic, instead of diminishing, increases the See also:

• NATIONAL

national wealth, trade being only an See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange of superfluities . Nations are related to the See also:

• WORLD

world just in the same way as cities to the state or as families to the city . North emphasizes more than his predecessors the value of the home trade . With respect to the interest of See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital, he maintains that it depends, like the See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

price of any commodity, on the proportion of demand and See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply, and that a See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low See also:

• RATE

rate is a result of the relative increase of capital, and cannot be brought about by arbitrary regulations, as had been proposed by Sir See also:

• JOSIAH (Heb. yo' shiyydhu, perhaps " Yah [weh] supports ")

Josiah See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

Child and others . In arguing the question of free trade, he urges that every See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage given to one interest over another is injurious to the public . No trade is unprofitable to the public; if it were, it would be given up; when trades thrive, so does the public, of which they See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form a See also:

• PART

part . Prices must determine themselves, and cannot be fixed by See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law; and all forcible interference with them does harm instead of See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good . No See also:

• PEOPLE

people can become See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich by state regulations,—only by See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, industry, freedom and unimpeded economic activity . It will be seen how closely North's view of things approach to that embodied some eighty years later in Adam Smith's See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WORK

work . North is named by Wilhelm See also:

• ROSCHER, WILHELM GEORG FRIEDRICH (1817–1894)

Roscher as one of that " great triumvirate " which in the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century raised the English school of economists to the foremost place in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, the other members of the See also:

• GROUP

group being See also:

• LOCKE, GOTTFRIED CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH (1791–1855)
• LOCKE, JOHN (1632-1704)
• LOCKE, MATTHEW (c. 1630-1677)

Locke and See also:

• PETTY, SIR WILLIAM (1623-1687)

Petty .