OCELLUS LUCANUS  , a

Pythagorean philosopher, born in Lucania in the 5th century B.C., perhaps a pupil of Pythagoras himself . Stobaeus (Ecl . Phys. i . 13) has preserved a fragment of his IIepi vtµou (if he was really the author) in the Doric dialect, but the only one of his alleged works which is extant is a short treatise in four chapters in the Ionic dialect generally known as On the Nature of the Universe . Excerpts from this are given in Stobaeus (i . 20), but in Doric . It is certainly not authentic, and cannot be dated earlier than the 1st century B.C . It maintains the doctrine that the universe is uncreated and eternal; that to its three great divisions correspond the three kinds of beings—gods, men and daemons; and, finally, that the human race with all its institutions (the family, marriage and the like) must be eternal . It advocates an ascetic mode of life, with a view to the perfect reproduction of the race and its training in all that is noble and beautiful . Editions of the IIepi -ris rob' Iravn& c/tGvems, by A . F . Rudolph (18oI, with commentary), and by F .

W . Mullach in Fragmenta philosophorum graecorum, i . (186o); see also E .

Zeller, History of Greek Philosophy, i . (Eng. trans.), and J. de Heyden-Zielewicz in Breslauer philologische Abhandlungen, viii . 3 (1901) . There is an English translation (1831) by Thomas Taylor, the Platonist .