BERNARDINO See also:

• BERNARDINO OCHINO (1487-1564)

OCHINO (1487-1564)  , See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian Reformer, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• SIENA

Siena in 1487 . At an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age he entered the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of Observantine Friars, the strictest See also:

• SECT

sect of the See also:

• FRANCISCANS (otherwise called Friars Minor, or Minorites; also the Seraphic Order ; and in England Grey Friars, from the colour of the habit, which, however, is now brown rather than grey)

Franciscans, and See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to be its See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, but, craving a yet stricter See also:

• RULE

rule, transferred himself in 1534 to the newly founded order of See also:

• CAPUCHINS

Capuchins, of which in 1538 he was elected See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar-general . In 1539, urged by See also:

• BEMBO, PIETRO (1470—1547)

Bembo, he visited See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice and delivered a remarkable course of sermons, showing a decided tendency to the See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of See also:

• JUSTIFICATION

justification by faith, which appears still more evidently in his Dialogi VII. published soon after . He was suspected and denounced, but nothing ensued until, at the instigation of the austere zealot Caraffa, the See also:

• INQUISITION, THE (Lat. inquisitio, an inquiry)

Inquisition was established at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, See also:

• JUNE

June 1542 . See also:

• OCHINO, BERNARDINO (1487-1564)

Ochino was at once cited, but was deterred from presenting himself at Rome by the warnings of See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter See also:

• MARTYR (Gr. pimp or µaprvs)

Martyr and of See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal See also:

• CONTARINI

Contarini, whom he found at See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, dying of See also:

• POISON

poison administered by the reactionary party . After some hesitation he escaped across the See also:

• ALPS

Alps to See also:

• GENEVA
• GENEVA (Fr. Geneve, Ger. Genf, Ital. Ginevra, Late Lat. Gebenna, though Genava in good Latin)
• GENEVA, LAKE OF

Geneva . He was cordially received by See also:

• CALVIN, JOHN (1509-1564)

Calvin, and within two years published six volumes of Prediche, tracts rather than sermons, explaining and vindicating his See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change of See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion . Twenty-five of these were published in See also:

• ENGLISH

English at See also:

• IPSWICH

Ipswich in 1548 . In 1545 he became See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of the Italian See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

congregation at See also:

• AUGSBURG
• AUGSBURG, CONFESSION OF
• AUGSBURG, WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF

Augsburg, which he was compelled to forsake when, in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1547, the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city was occupied by the imperial forces in the Schmalkaldic See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . Escaping by way of See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg he found an See also:

• ASYLUM (from Gr. b.-, privative, arid earl, right'of seizure)
• ASYLUM, RIGHT OF (Fr. droit d'asile; Ger. Asylrecht)

asylum in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, where he was made a See also:

• PREBENDARY (Lat. praebendo = give or grant, through Low Lat. praebenda)

prebendary of See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury, received a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension from See also:

• EDWARD

Edward VI.'s privy See also:

• PURSE (Late Lat. bursa, adapted from Gr. Gupta, hide, skin; possibly O. Eng. pusa, bag, has influenced the change from b to p)

purse, and composed his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• WORK

work, A Trajedy or See also:

• DIALOGUE

Dialogue of the unjust usurped Primacy of the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop of Rome (1549) . This remarkable performance, originally written in Latin, is extant only in the See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Ponet, bishop of See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester, a splendid specimen of See also:

• NERVOUS

nervous English . The conception is highly dramatic; the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form is that of a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of dialogues .

See also:

• LUCIFER (d. 370/1)
• LUCIFER (the Latinized form of Gr. 4scwo'4 bpos, " light-bearer ")

Lucifer, enraged at the spread of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ's See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom, convokes the fiends in See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council, and resolves to set up the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope as See also:

• ANTICHRIST (avrixpu ros)

Antichrist . The See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, represented by the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• PHOCAS

Phocas, is persuaded to connive at the pope's See also:

• ASSUMPTION, FEAST OF

assumption of spiritual authority; the other churches are intimidated into acquiescence; Lucifer's projects seem fully accomplished, when See also:

• HEAVEN (0. Eng. hefen, heofon, heofone; this word appears in O.S. hevan; the High. Ger. word appears in Ger. Himmel, Dutch hemel; there does not seem to be any connexion between the two words, and the ultimate derivation of the word is unknown; the sugges

Heaven raises up See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII. and his son for their overthrow . The conception bears a remarkable resemblance to that of See also:

• PARADISE (Gr. lrap6BEwos)

Paradise Lost; and it is almost certain that See also:

• MILTON
• MILTON, JOHN (1608–1674)

Milton, whose sympathies with the Italian See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation were so strong, must have been acquainted with it, and with some of his later See also:

• WORKS

works . In the See also:

• LABYRINTH (Gr. Xa(3vpcvOos, Lat. labyrinthus)

Labyrinth (dedicated to See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth of England), a discussion of the freedom of the will, he covertly assailed the Calvinistic doctrine of See also:

• PREDESTINATION (from Late Lat. praedestinare, to deter-mine beforehand; from the root sta, as in stare, stand)

predestination, and showed that his views were tinged with Socinianism . The See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession of See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary in 1553 drove him from England, andhe became pastor of the Italian congregation at See also:

• ZURICH
• ZURICH (Fr. Zurich; Ital. Zurigo)

Zurich . In 1563 the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long-gathering See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm of obloquy burst upon the occasion of the publication of his See also:

• THIRTY

Thirty Dialogues, in one of which his adversaries maintained that he had justified See also:

• POLYGAMY, (Gr. nabs, many, and yayos, marriage)

polygamy under See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour of a pretended refutation . His dialogues on See also:

• DIVORCE

divorce and the Trinity were also See also:

• OBNOXIOUS (Lat. obnoxiosus, from ob, over, against, and noxa, harm)

obnoxious . Ochino was banished from Zurich, and, after being refused a shelter by other Protestant cities, directed his steps towards See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland, at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time the most tolerant state in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe .. He had not resided there long when the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

edict of the 6th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1564 banished all See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign dissidents . Flying from the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, he encountered the See also:

• PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague at Pinczoff; three of his four See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children were carried off; and he himself, worn out by age and misfortune, died in solitude and obscurity at Schlakau in See also:

• MORAVIA (Ger., Ma/wen; Czech, Morava)

Moravia, about the end of 1564 . His reputation among Protestants was at the time so See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad that he was charged with the authorship of the See also:

• TREATISE

treatise De tribus impostoribus, as well as with having carried his alleged approval of polygamy into practice . It was reserved for Dr Benrath to justify him, and to represent him as a fervent evangelist and at the same time as a speculative thinker with a See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion for See also:

• FREE

free inquiry .

The general tendency of his mind ran See also:

• COUNTER

counter to tradition, and he is remarkable as resuming in his individual See also:

• HISTORY

history all the phases of Protestant See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology from See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther to See also:

• SOCINUS

Socinus . See See also:

• LIFE

Life by B . O . Benrath (2nd ed., See also:

• BRUNSWICK
• BRUNSWICK (Ger. Braunschweig)
• BRUNSWICK, KARL WILHELM FERDINAND, DUKE OF (1735-18o6)

Brunswick, 1892), translated into English by See also:

• HELEN

Helen Zimmern (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1876) . In addition to the books already named, he wrote Italian expositions of See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans (Geneva, 1545) and See also:

• GALATIANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Galatians (Augsburg, 1546) .