See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• JOHN OECOLAMPADIUS (1482-1531)

OECOLAMPADIUS (1482-1531)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German Reformer, whose real name was Hussgen or Heussgen,' was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Weinberg, a small See also:

• TOWN

town in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north of the See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• WURTTEMBERG

Wurttemberg, but then belonging to the See also:

• PALATINATE (Ger. Pfalz)

Palatinate . He went to school at See also:

• WEINSBERG

Weinsberg and See also:

• HEILBRONN

Heilbronn, and then, intending to study See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, he went to See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, but soon -returned to See also:

• HEIDELBERG

Heidelberg and betook himself to See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology . He became a zealous student of the new learning and passed from the study of See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek to that of See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew, taking his See also:

• BACHELOR (from Med. Lat. baccalarius, with its late and rare variant baccalaris—cf. Ital. baccalare—through O. Fr. bacheler)

bachelor's degree in 1503 . He became See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral preacher at See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel in 1515, serving under See also:

• CHRISTOPHER, SAINT (Christophorus, Christoferus)

Christopher von Uttenheim, the evangelical See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Basel . From the beginning the sermons of See also:

• OECOLAMPADIUS, JOHN (1482-1531)

Oecolampadius centred in the See also:

• ATONEMENT

Atonement, and his first reformatory zeal showed itself in a protest (De risu pcschali, 1518) against the introduction of humorous stories into See also:

• EASTER

Easter sermons . In 1520 he published his Greek See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

Grammar . The same See also:

• YEAR

year he was asked to become preacher in the high See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church in See also:

• AUGSBURG
• AUGSBURG, CONFESSION OF
• AUGSBURG, WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF

Augsburg . See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany was then ablaze with the questions raised by See also:

• LUTHER, MARTIN (1483-1546)

Luther's theses, and his introduction into this new See also:

• WORLD

world, when at first he championed Luther's position especially in his See also:

• ANONYMOUS

anonymous Canonici indocti (1519), seems to have compelled Oecolampadius to severe self-examina- ' Changed to Hausschein and then into the Greek See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent . tion, which ended in his entering a See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent and becoming a See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk . A See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short experience convinced him that this was not for him the ideal See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian See also:

• LIFE

life (" amisi monachum, inveni Cheistianum "), and in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1522 he made his way to Ebernburg, near Creuznach, where he acted as See also:

• CHAPLAIN

chaplain to the little See also:

• GROUP

group of men holding the new opinions who had settled there under the leadership of See also:

• FRANZ, ROBERT (1815-1892)

Franz von See also:

• SICKINGEN, FRANZ VON (1481-1523)

Sickingen . The second See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of Oecolampadius's life opens with his return to Basel in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1522, as See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar of St See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin's and (in 1523) reader of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy Scripture at the university . Lecturing on See also:

• ISAIAH
• ISAIAH, ASCENSION OF

Isaiah he condemned current ecclesiastical abuses, and in a public disputation (loth of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1523) was so successful that See also:

• ERASMUS, DESIDERIUS (1466–1536)

Erasmus See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing to See also:

• ZURICH
• ZURICH (Fr. Zurich; Ital. Zurigo)

Zurich said " Oecolampadius has the upper See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand amongst us." He became See also:

• ZWINGLI, HULDREICH (1484—1531)

Zwingli's best helper, and after more than a year of See also:

• EARNEST (probably a corruption of the obsolete arles or erles, adapted from Lat. equivalent arrha, due to a confusion with the adjective " earnest," serious, O. Eng. eornust, cognate with Ger. ernst)

earnest See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching and four public disputations in which the popular See also:

• VERDICT (O. Fr. verdit, Lat. vere dictum, truly said, used in Late Latin in one word with its present significance)

verdict had been given in favour of Oecolampadius and his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends, the authorities of Basel began to see the See also:

• NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity of some See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

reformation .

They began with the convents, and Oecolampadius was able to refrain in public See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship on certain festival days from some practices he believed to be superstitious . Basel was slow to accept the Reformation; the See also:

• NEWS

news of the Peasants' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War and the inroads of See also:

• ANABAPTISTS (" re-baptizers," from Gr. apa and J3airri tt')

Anabaptists prevented progress; but at last, in 1525, it seemed as if the authorities were resolved to listen to schemes for restoring the purity of worship and teaching . In the midst of these hopes and difficulties Oecolampadius married, in the beginning of 1528, Wilibrandis Rosenblatt, the widow of See also:

• LUDWIG, KARL FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1816—1895)
• LUDWIG, OTTO (1813-1865)

Ludwig See also:

• KELLER, ALBERT (1845- )
• KELLER, GOTTFRIED (1819-1890)
• KELLER, HELEN ADAMS (188o- )

Keller, who proved to be non rixosa vel garrula vel vaga, he says, and made him a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good wife . After his See also:

• DEATH

death she married See also:

• CAPITO (or KOPFEL), WOLFGANG [FABRIC1us] (1478-1541)

Capito, and, when Capito died, See also:

• BUCER (or BuTZER), MARTIN (1491-1551)

Bucer . She See also:

• DIET

diet! in 1564 . In See also:

• JANUARY

January 1528 Oecolampadius and Zwingli took See also:

• PART

part in the disputation at Berne which led to the See also:

• ADOPTION (Lat. adoptio, for adoptalio, from adoptare, to choose for oneself)

adoption of the new faith in that See also:

• CANTON
• CANTON (borrowed from the Ital. cantone, a corner or angle)
• CANTON (more correctly KWANG-CHOW Fu)
• CANTON, JOHN (1718-1772)

canton, and in the following year to the discontinuance of the See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass at Basel . The Anabaptists claimed Oecolampadius for their views, but in a disputation with them he dissociated himself from most of their positions . He died on the 24th of November 1531 . Oecolampadius was not a See also:

• GREAT

great theologian, like Luther, Zwingli or See also:

• CALVIN, JOHN (1509-1564)

Calvin, and yet he was a trusted theological See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader . With Zwingli he represented the Swiss views at the unfortunate See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference at See also:

• MARBURG
• MARBURG, COLLOQUY OF (Marburger Religionsgesprach)

Marburg . His views on the See also:

• EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist upheld the metaphorical against the literal See also:

• INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)

interpretation of the word " See also:

• BODY

body," but he asserted that believers partook of the See also:

• SACRAMENT

sacrament more for the See also:

• SAKE

sake of others than for their own, though later he emphasized it as a means of See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

grace for the Christian life . To Luther's See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of the ubiquity of See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ's body he opposed that of the presence and activity of the Holy Spirit in the church .

He did not minutely analyse the doctrine of See also:

• PREDESTINATION (from Late Lat. praedestinare, to deter-mine beforehand; from the root sta, as in stare, stand)

predestination as Luther, Calvin and Zwingli did, contenting himself with the See also:

• SUMMARY

summary " Our Salvation is of See also:

• GOD

God, our perdition of ourselves." See J . J . See also:

• HERZOG, HANS (1819–1894)
• HERZOG, JOHANN JAKOB (1805-1882)

Herzog, Leben Joh . Oecolampads u. See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die Reformation der Kirche zu Basel (1843); K . R . See also:

• HAGENBACH, KARL RUDOLF (1801-1874)

Hagenbach, Johann Oecolampad u . See also:

• OSWALD (c. 605—642)
• OSWALD (d. 992)

Oswald See also:

• MYCONIUS, FRIEDRICH (1490-1546)
• MYCONIUS, OSWALD (1488-1552)

Myconius, die Reformatoren Easels (1859) . For other literature see W . Hadorn's See also:

• ART

art. in Herzog-Hauck's Realencyklopadie See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur Prot . Rel. u . Kirche .