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OLIVES, MOUNT OF, or MOUNT OLIVET ("O...

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 88 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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OLIVES, See also:MOUNT OF, or MOUNT OLIVET ("See also:Opus 'EXc uwos or riov 'EXauav; mod. See also:Jebel-et-Tur)  , the See also:ridge facing the See also:Temple See also:Mount at See also:Jerusalem on the See also:east, and separated from it by the Kidron . A basis of hard cretaceous See also:limestone is topped with softer deposits of the same, See also:quaternary deposits forming the See also:summit . There are four distinct elevations in the ridge: traditionally the southernmost, which is separated by a cleft from the others, is called the " See also:Hill of Offence," and said to be the See also:scene of See also:Solomon's See also:idolatry . The summit to the See also:north of this is often (wrongly) spoken of as Olivet proper . Still worse is the See also:error ofcalling the next hill but one to the north " Scopus." The See also:top of the ridge affords a comprehensive view . There are four Old Testament references: 2 Sam. xv . 30 sqq., Neh. viii . 15, Ezek. xi . 23, Zech. xiv . 4 . In the New Testament the See also:place is mentioned in connexion with the last days of the See also:life of Jesus . He crossed it on his kingly entry into Jerusalem, and upon it he delivered his See also:great eschatological address (See also:Mark xiii.3) .

That the See also:

Ascension took place from the summit of the Mount of See also:Olives is not necessarily implied in Acts i . 12; the words " over against See also:Bethany " (See also:Luke See also:xxiv . 50) perhaps mean one of the secluded ravines on the eastern slope, beside one of which that See also:village stands . But since See also:Constantine erected the " See also:Basilica of the Ascension " on the spot marked by a certain sacred See also:cave (Euseb . Vita Const . 41), the site of this event has been placed here and marked by a See also:succession of churches . The See also:present See also:building is quite See also:modern, and is in the hands of the Moslems . See also:Close to the See also:Chapel of the Ascension is the vault of St See also:Pelagia, and a little way down the hill is the See also:labyrinth of See also:early See also:Christian See also:rock-hewn sepulchral See also:chambers now called the " Tombs of the Prophets." During the See also:middle ages Olivet was also shown as the mount of the Transfiguration . A chapel, bearing the name of the See also:Caliph See also:Omar, and said to occupy the place where he encamped when Jerusalem surrendered to the Moslems, formerly stood beside the See also:Church of the Ascension . There are a considerable number of monasteries and churches of various religious orders and sects on the hill, from whose beauty their See also:uniform and unredeemed ugliness detracts sadly . On See also:Easter See also:day 1907 was laid the See also:foundation of a See also:hospice for pilgrims, under the patronage of the See also:German empress .

End of Article: OLIVES, MOUNT OF, or MOUNT OLIVET ("Opus 'EXc uwos or riov 'EXauav; mod. Jebel-et-Tur)
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