See also:

• ONION (Fr. oignon, Lat. unio, liberally unity, oneness, applied to a large pearl and to a species of onion)

ONION (Fr. oignon, See also:

• LAT

Lat. unio, liberally unity, oneness, applied to a large See also:

• PEARL
• PEARL, THE

pearl and to a See also:

• SPECIES

species of onion)  , See also:

• ALLIUM (Lat. for " garlic ")

Allium Cepa (nat. ord . See also:

• LILIACEAE

Liliaceae), a See also:

• HARDY, ALEXANDRE (1569?-1631)
• HARDY, SIR THOMAS DUFFUS (1804-1878)
• HARDY, SIR THOMAS MASTERMAN
• HARDY, THOMAS (1840- )

hardy bulbous biennial, which has been cultivated in See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain from See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time immemorial, and is one of the earliest of cultivated See also:

• SPECIES

species; it is represented on See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian monuments, and one variety cultivated in See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt was accorded divine honours . It is commonly cultivated in See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, See also:

• CHINA

China and See also:

• JAPAN

Japan . A. de See also:

• CANDOLLE, AUGUSTIN PYRAME DE (1778—1841)

Candolle, arguing from its See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient cultivation and the antiquity of the See also:

• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit and See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew names, regards it as a native of western See also:

• ASIA

Asia . The See also:

• ONION (Fr. oignon, Lat. unio, liberally unity, oneness, applied to a large pearl and to a species of onion)

onion should be grown in an open situation, and on a See also:

• LIGHT

light, See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich, well-worked See also:

• SOIL

soil, which has not been recently manured . In See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop may be sown at any time from the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February to the middle of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March, if the See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather is See also:

• FINE

fine and the ground sufficiently dry . The See also:

• SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed should be sown in shallow drills, so in. apart, the ground being made as level and See also:

• FIRM

firm as possible, and the See also:

• PLANTS

plants should be regularly thinned, hoed and kept See also:

• FREE

free from weeds . At the final thinning they should be set from 3 to 6 in. apart, the latter distance in very rich soil . About the beginning of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September the crop is ripe, which is known by the withering of the leaves; the bulbs are then to be pulled, and exposed on the ground till well dried, and they are then to be put away in a See also:

• STORE (from O. Fr. estor or estoire, Late Lat. staurum or instaurum, stock, provisions, supply, from the late use of instaurare, to provide, properly to construct, renew, restore)

store-See also:

• ROOM

room, or See also:

• LOFT (connected with " lift," i.e. raised in the air; O. Eng. lyft; cf. Ger. Luft; the French term is grenier and Ger. Boden)

loft, where they may be perfectly secured from See also:

• FROST (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch, vorst, Ger. Frost, from the common Teutonic verb meaning " to freeze," Dutch, vriezcn, Ger. frieren; the Indo-European root is seen in Lat. pruina, hoar-frost, cf. prurire, to itch, burn, pruna, burning coal, Sans
• FROST, WILLIAM EDWARD (1810–1877)

frost and See also:

• DAMP

damp . About the end of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August a crop is sown to afford a See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young onions in the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring months . Those which are not required for the See also:

• KITCHEN (O.E. cycene; this and other cognate forms, such as Dutch keuken, Ger. Kiuche, Dan. kokken, Fr. cuisine, are formed from the Low Lat. cucina, Lat. coquina, coquere, to cook)

kitchen, if allowed to stand, and if the See also:

• FLOWER (Lat. flos, floris; Fr. fleur)
• FLOWER, SIB

flower-bud is picked out on its first See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance, and the See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth stirred about them, frequently produce bulbs equal in See also:

• SIZE

size and quality to the large ones that are imported from the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

Continent . A crop of very large bulbs may also be secured by See also:

• SOWING (from "to sow," O. Eng. shwan, cf. Du. zaaijen, Ger. saen, &c.; the root is seen in Lat. severe, cf. "seed")

sowing about the beginning of September, and transplanting See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in spring to very rich soil .

Another See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan is to sow in May on dry poor soil, when a crop of small bulbs will be produced; these are to be stored in the usual way, and planted in rich soil about February, on ground made firm by treading, in rows about 1 ft. apart, the bulbs being set near the See also:

• SURFACE

surface, and about 6 in. asunder . The See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

White See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish and See also:

• TRIPOLI
• TRIPOLI (Tarabulus el-Gharb, i.e. Tripoli of the West)
• TRIPOLI, or TARABULUS (anc. Tripolis)

Tripoli are See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good sorts for this purpose . To obtain a crop of bulbs for pickling, seed should be sown thickly in March, in rather poor soil, the seeds being very thinly covered, and the surface well rolled; these arq not to be thinned, but should be pulled and harvested when ripe . The best sorts for this crop are the See also:

• SILVER

Silver-skinned, Early Silver-skinned, Nocera and See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen . Onions may be forced like See also:

• MUSTARD

mustard and See also:

• CRESS

cress if required for See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter salads, the seeds being sown thickly in boxes which are to be placed in a warm See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house or See also:

• FRAME

frame . The young onions are of course pulled while quite small . The See also:

• POTATO
• POTATO (Solanum tuberosum)

Potato Onion, Allium Cepa See also:

• VAR

var. aggregatum, is propagated by the lateral bulbs, which it throws out, under ground, in considerable See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers . This variety is very prolific, and is useful when other sorts do not keep well . It is sometimes planted about midwinter, and then ripens in summer, but for use during the spring and early summer it is best planted in spring . It is also known as the under-ground onion, from its See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of producing its bulbs beneath the surface . The See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

Tree Onion or Egyptian Onion, Allium Cepa var. proliferum, produces small bulbs instead of See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers, and a few offsets also underground . These small See also:

• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem bulbs are excellent for pickling .

The Welsh Onion or Ciboule, Allium fistulosum, is a hardy perennial, native of See also:

• SIBERIA

Siberia . It was unknown to the ancients, and must have come into See also:

• EUROPE

Europe through See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia in the middle ages or later . It forms no bulbs, but, on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of its extreme hardiness, is sown in See also:

• JULY

July or early in August, to furnish a reliable supply of young onions for use in salads during the early spring . These bulbless onions are sometimes called Scallions, a name which is also applied to old onions which have stem and leaves but no bulbs . The following are among the best varieties of onions for various purposes : For Summer and Autumn.—Queen; Early White See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples: these two sorts also excellent for sowing in autumn for spring salading . Silver-skinned; Tripoli, including See also:

• GIANT (O.E. geant, through Fr. giant, O.Fr. gaiant, jaiant, jeant, med. pop. Lat. gagante—cf. Ital. gigante—by assimilation from gigantem, ace. of Lat. gigas, Gr. yiyas)

Giant Rocca . For Winter.—See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

Brown Globe, including Magnum Bonum; White Globe; Yellow See also:

• DANVERS

Danvers; White Spanish, in its several forms; Trebons, the finest variety for autumn sowing, attaining a large size early, ripening well, and keeping good till after See also:

• CHRISTMAS (i.e. the Mass of Christ)

Christmas; Ailsa See also:

• CRAIG, JOHN (1512 ?-1600)
• CRAIG, SIR THOMAS (c. 1538–1608)

Craig; Ronsham See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

Hero; See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James's Keeping; See also:

• CRANSTON

Cranston's Excelsior; See also:

• BLOOD

Blood Red, strong-flavoured . For Pickling.—Queen, Early Silver-skinned, White Nocera, Egyptian .