See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

HOUSE OF See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• HOUSE OF ORANGE

ORANGE  . The small principality of See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

Orange, a See also:

• DISTRICT

district now included in the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• VAUCLUSE

Vaucluse, traces back its See also:

• HISTORY

history as an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent See also:

• SOVEREIGNTY

sovereignty to the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of See also:

• CHARLEMAGNE [CHARLES THE GREAT] (c. 742-814)
• CHARLEMAGNE, JEAN ARMAND (1753–1838)

Charlemagne . See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William, surnamed le See also:

• CORNET,

Cornet, who lived towards the end of the 8th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, is said to have been the first See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of Orange, but the See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession is only certainly known after the time of Gerald See also:

• ADHEMAR (ADEMAR, AIMAR, AELARZ) DE MONTEIL (d. 1098)

Adhemar (fl. ro86) . In 1174 the principality passed by See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage to See also:

• BERTRAND, HENRI GRATIEN, COMTE (1773-1844)

Bertrand de Baux, and there were nine princes of this See also:

• LINE

line . By the marriage of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John of Chalons with See also:

• MARIE

Marie de Baux, the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of Chalons succeeded to the sovereignty in 1393 . The princes of Orange-Chalons were (1) John I., 1393–1418, (2) See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis I.,1418–1463, (3) William VIII., 1463-1475, (4) John II., (1475-1502, (5) Philibert, 1502-1530 . Philibert was a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• WARRIOR

warrior and statesman, who was held in great esteem by the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles V . For his services in his See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns the emperor gave him considerable possessions in the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands in 1522, and See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I. of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, who had occupied Orange, was compelled, when a prisoner in See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, to restore it to him . Philibert had no See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, and he was succeeded by his See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew Rene of See also:

• NASSAU

Nassau-Chalons, son of Philibert's See also:

• SISTER

sister Claudia and See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry, See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of Nassau, the confidential friend and counsellor of Charles V . He too died without an See also:

• HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir in 1544 at the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of St Dizier, having devised all his titles and possessions to his first See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin William, the eldest son of William, count of Nassau-Dillenburg, who was the younger See also:

• BROTHER

brother of Rene's See also:

• FATHER

father, and had inherited the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German possessions of the See also:

• FAMILY

family . William of Orange-Nassau was but eleven years old when he succeeded to the principality . He was brought up at the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of Charles V. and became famous in history as William the Silent, the founder of the Dutch See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

Republic .

On his assassination in 1584 he was succeeded by his eldest son See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip William, who had been kidnapped by Philip II. of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in his boyhood and brought up at Madrid . This prince never married, and on his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1618 his next brother, See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice, See also:

• STADTHOLDER (Du. stadhouder, a delegate or representative)

stadtholder in the See also:

• UNITED

United Netherlands and one of the greatest generals of his time, became prince of Orange . Maurice died in 1625, also unmarried . See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick Henry, the son of See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise de See also:

• COLIGNY, GASPARD DE (1519-1572)

Coligny, William's See also:

• FOURTH

fourth wife, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born just before his father's See also:

• MURDER

murder, now succeeded to the princedom of Orange and to all his See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers' dignities, posts and See also:

• PROPERTY

property in the Netherlands . Frederick Henry was both a great See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and statesman . His only son, William, was married in 1641 to See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary, princess royal of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, he being fifteen and the princess nine years old at that date, and he succeeded to the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of prince of Orange on his father's death in 1647 . At the very outset of a promising career he suddenly succumbed to an attack of smallpox on the 6th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 165o, his son William III. being born a See also:

• WEEK (from A.S. wicu, Germanic *wikon, probably=change, turn)

week after his father's death . A revolution now took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in the See also:

• SYSTEM

system of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in the United Provinces, and the offices of stadtholder and See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain-and See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral-general, held by four successsive princes of Orange, were abolished . However, the See also:

• COUNTER

counter revolution of 1672 called William III. to the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of affairs . At this time Louis XIV. conquered the principality of Orange and the territory was incorporated in France, the title alone being recognized by the treaty of See also:

• RYSWICK, TREATY OF

Ryswick . William married his cousin Mary, the eldest daughter of See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James, See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, in 1677 . In 1688 he landed in England, expelled his father-in-See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, James II., from his See also:

• THRONE

throne, and reigned as See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of .

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain and See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland until his death in 1702 . He See also:

• LEFT

left no children, and a dispute arose among variousclaimants to the title of prince of Orange . The king of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia claimed it as the descendant of the eldest daughter of Frederick Henry; John William Friso of Nassau-Dietz claimed it as the descendant of John, the brother of William the Silent, and also of the second daughter of Frederick Henry . The result was that at the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht in 1713, the king of Prussia abandoned the principality to the king of France in See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange for See also:

• COMPENSATION (from Lat. compensare, to weigh one thing against another)

compensation elsewhere, and John William Friso gained the barren title and became William IV. prince of Orange . His sons William V. and William VI. succeeded him . William VI. in 1815 became William I. king of the Netherlands . See Bastet, Histoire de la ville et de la principaute d'Orange (Orange 1856) . (G .