See also:

• ORTOLAN (Fr. ortolan, Lat. hortulanus, the gardener bird, from hortus, a garden)
• ORTOLAN, JOSEPH LOUIS ELZEAR (1802-1873)

ORTOLAN (Fr. ortolan, See also:

• LAT

Lat. hortulanus, the gardener See also:

• BIRD

bird, from hortus, a See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden)  , the Emberiza hortulana of See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus, a See also:

• BIRD

bird celebrated for the delicate flavour of its flesh, and a member After Marlatt, Ent . See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

Bull . 4, U. s . U.S . Dept . Agr . of the Emberizidae, a Passerine See also:

• FAMILY

family not separated by most See also:

• MODERN

modern authors from the Fringillidae . A native of most See also:

• EUROPEAN

European countries—the See also:

• BRITISH

British Islands (in which it occurs but rarely) excepted—as well as of western See also:

• ASIA

Asia, it emigrates in autumn presumably to the southward of the Mediterranean, though its See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter quarters cannot be said to be accurately known, and returns about the end of See also:

• APRIL

April or beginning of May . Its See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution throughout its breeding-range seems to be very See also:

• LOCAL

local, and for this no See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason can be assigned . It was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long ago said in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, and apparently with truth, to prefer See also:

• WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

wine-growing districts; but it certainly does not feed upon grapes, and is found equally in countries where vineyards are unknown—reaching in Scandinavia even beyond the See also:

• ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

arctic circle—and then generally frequents See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn-See also:

• FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields and their neighbourhood . In See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance and habits it much resembles its congener the yellow-See also:

• HAMMER, FRIEDRICH JULIUS (1810-1862)

hammer, but wants the See also:

• BRIGHT, JOHN (1811-188g)
• BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES TILSTON

bright colouring of that See also:

• SPECIES

species, its See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head for instance being of a greenish-See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey, instead of a lively yellow . The somewhat monotonous See also:

• SONG

song of the See also:

• COCK, EDWARD (1805-1892)

cock is also much of the same See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind; and, where the bird is a See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar See also:

• OBJECT

object to the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country See also:

• PEOPLE

people, who usually See also:

• ASSOCIATE (Lat. associates, from ad, to, and sociare to join)

associate its arrival with the return of See also:

• FAIR

fair See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather, they commonly apply various syllabic interpretations to its notes, just as our boys do to those of the yellow-hammer .

The See also:

• NEST

nest is placed on or near the ground, but the eggs seldom show the See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair-like markings so characteristic of those of most buntings . Its natural See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food consists of beetles, other See also:

• INSECTS

insects and seeds . Ortolans are netted in See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers, kept alive in an artificially lighted, or darkened See also:

• ROOM

room, and fed with oats and See also:

• MILLET (Fr. millet; Ital. miglietto, diminutive of miglio= Lat. mille, a thousand, in allusion to its fertility)
• MILLET (or MILE), JEAN FRANCOIS (c. 1642–1679)
• MILLET, FRANCIS DAVIS (1846- )
• MILLET, JEAN FRANCOIS (1814–1875)

millet . In a very See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time they become enormously See also:

• FAT (O.E. fdett; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vet, Ger. Fett, &c., and may be ultimately related to Greek Irian, and =apos, and Sanskrit pivan)

fat and are then killed for the table . If, as is supposed, the See also:

• ORTOLAN (Fr. ortolan, Lat. hortulanus, the gardener bird, from hortus, a garden)
• ORTOLAN, JOSEPH LOUIS ELZEAR (1802-1873)

ortolan be the Miliaria of See also:

• VARRO, MARCUS TERENTIUS (116—27 B.C.)
• VARRO, PUBLIUS TERENTIUS

Varro, the practice of artificially fattening birds of this species is very See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient . In See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French the word Ortolan is used so as to be almost synonymous with the See also:

• ENGLISH

English " See also:

• BUNTING
• BUNTING (a word of doubtful origin, possibly connected with bunt, to sift, or with the Ger. bunt, of varied colour)
• BUNTING, J
• BUNTING, JABEZ (1779-1858)

bunting "—thus the Ortolan-de-neige is the See also:

• SNOW (in O. Eng. sndw; a common Indo-European word; cf. in Teutonic languages, Ger. Schnee, Du. sneeuw; in Slavonic snieg', Lith. snegas; Gr. vi4a, Lat. nix, nivis, whence the Romanic forms, Ital. neve, Fr. neige, &c.; Ir. and Gael. sneachd; the original

snow-bunting (Plectrophanes nivalis), the Ortolan-de-riz is the See also:

• RICE (Greek 6p6 a, Latin oryza, French riz, Italian riso, Spanish arroz, derived from the Arabic)
• RICE, EDMUND IGNATIUS (1762-1844)
• RICE, JAMES (1843-1882)

rice-bird or " bobolink " of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• AMERICA

America (Dolichonyx oryzivorus), so justly celebrated for its delicious flavour; but the name is also applied to other birds much more distantly related, for the Ortolan of some of the See also:

• ANTILLES

Antilles, where French is spoken, is a little ground-See also:

• DOVE
• DOVE (Dutch duyve, Dan. due, Ice. dufa, Ger. Taube)

dove of the genus Chamaepelia . In See also:

• EUROPE

Europe the See also:

• BECCAFICO (Ital. for " fig-pecker ")

Beccafico (fig-eater) shares with the ortolan the highest honours of the dish, and this may be a convenient See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place to point out that the former is a name of equally elastic signification . The true Beccafico is said to be what i§ known in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England as the See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden-See also:

• WARBLER

warbler (the Motacilla salicaria of Linnaeus, the Sylvia hoetensis of modern writers); but in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy any soft-billed small bird that can be snared or netted in its autumnal See also:

• EMIGRATION (from Lat. emigrare; e, ex, out of, and migrare, to depart)

emigration passes under the name in the markets and See also:

• COOK
• COOK, ALBERT STANBURROUGH (1853– )
• COOK, EDWARD DUTTON (1829–1883)
• COOK, ELIZA (1818–1889)
• COOK, JAMES (1728-1779)
• COOK, THOMAS (1808-1892)

cook-shops . The " beccafice," however, is not as a See also:

• RULE

rule artificially fattened, and on this See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account is preferred by some sensitive tastes to the Ortolan . (A .