See also:

• OWL (O. Eng. Ule, Swed. Uggla, Ger. Eule—all allied to Lat. Ulula, and evidently of imitative origin)

OWL (O. Eng. Ule, Swed. Uggla, Ger. Eule—all allied to See also:

• LAT

Lat. Ulula, and evidently of imitative origin)  , the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• ENGLISH

English name for every nocturnal See also:

• BIRD

bird of See also:

• PREY (0. Fr. preie, mod. proie, Lat. praeda, booty, from prae and the root hed—seen in prehendere, prendere, to grasp)

prey, of which See also:

• GROUP

group nearly two See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred See also:

• SPECIES

species have been recognized . The owls See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form a very natural assemblage, and one about the limits of which no doubt has for a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long while existed . They were formerly placed with the Accipitres or diurnal birds of prey, but are now known to belong to a different group of birds, and are placed as a suborder Striges of Coraciiform birds, their nearest See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies being the goatsuckers . The subdivision of the group has always been a fruitful See also:

• MATTER

matter of discussion, owing to the See also:

• GREAT

great resemblance obtaining among all its members, and the existence of safe characters for its See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division has only lately been at all generally recognized . By the older naturalists, it is true, owls were divided, as was first done by F . See also:

• WILLUGHBY, FRANCIS (1635—1672)

Willughby, into two sections—one in which all the species exhibit tufts of feathers on the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, the so-called " ears " or horns, " and the second in which the head is not tufted . The artificial and therefore untrustworthy nature of this distinction was shown by Isidore See also:

• GEOFFROY
• GEOFFROY, ETIENNE FRANCOIS (1672-1731)
• GEOFFROY, JULIEN LOUIS (1743-1814)

Geoffroy St-Hilaire (See also:

• ANN

Ann . Sc . Naturelles, xxi . 194-203) in 183o . The later See also:

• WORK

work of C . L .

Nitzch on pterylography and of A . Milne-See also:

• EDWARDS, AMELIA ANN BLANDFORD (1831-1892)
• EDWARDS, BELA BATES (18o2-1852)
• EDWARDS, BRYAN (1743–1800)
• EDWARDS, GEORGE (1693–1773)
• EDWARDS, HENRY THOMAS (1837–1884)
• EDWARDS, JONATHAN (1703—1758)
• EDWARDS, LEWIS (1806–1887 )
• EDWARDS, RICHARD (c. 1523–1566)
• EDWARDS, T
• EDWARDS, THOMAS CHARLES (1837–1900)

Edwards on See also:

• OSTEOLOGY (Gr. ovTeov, bone)

osteology has led to a division of the See also:

• FAMILY

family Strigidae into the sub-families Striginae, in which the unnotched sternum has its broad See also:

• KEEL

keel joined to the furcula, and Buboninae, in which the sternum is notched posteriorly, the clavicles do not always meet to form a furcula, nor meet the sternum . The Striginae contain the screech- or See also:

• BARN

barn-owls (Strix) and the partly intermediate Heliodilus of See also:

• MADAGASCAR

Madagascar, whilst all the other genera are now placed with the Buboninae . Among owls are found birds which vary in length from 5 in . —as Glaucidium cobanense, which is therefore much smaller than a skylark—to more than 2 ft., a See also:

• SIZE

size that is attained by many species . Their plumage, none of the feathers of which possesses an aftershaft, is of the softest See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind, rendering their See also:

• FLIGHT

flight almost noiseless . But one of the most characteristic features of this whole group is the See also:

• RUFF

ruff, consisting of several rows of small and much curved feathers with stiff shafts—originating from a See also:

• FOLD

fold of the skin, which begins on each See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the See also:

• BASE

base of the See also:

• BEAK (early forms beke and becke, from Fr. bec, late Lat. beccus, supposed to be a Gaulish word; the Celtic bec and beq, however, are taken from the English)

beak, runs above the eyes, and passing downwards See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round and behind the ears turns forward, and ends at the See also:

• CHIN

chin—and serving to support the longer feathers of the " disk " or space immediately around the eyes, which extend over it . A considerable number of species of owls, belonging to various genera, and natives of countries most widely separated, are remarkable for exhibiting two phases of coloration—one in which the prevalent browns have a more or less rusty-red tinge, and the other in which they incline to See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey . Another characteristic of owls is the reversible See also:

• PROPERTY

property of their See also:

• OUTER

outer toes, which are when perching quite backwards . Many forms have the legs and toes thickly clothed to the very claws; others have the toes, and even the tarsi, See also:

• BARE

bare, or only sparsely beset by bristles . Among the bare-legged owls those of the See also:

• INDIAN

Indian Ketupa are conspicuous, and this feature is usually correlated with their See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish-catching habits; but certainly other owls that are not known to catch fish See also:

• PRESENT

present much the same See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . Among the multitude of owls there is only See also:

• ROOM

room here to make further mention of a few of the more interesting .

First must be noticed the tawny See also:

• OWL (O. Eng. Ule, Swed. Uggla, Ger. Eule—all allied to Lat. Ulula, and evidently of imitative origin)

owl—the Strix stridula of See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus, the type, as has been above said, of the whole group, and especially of the Strigine See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section as here understood . This is the Syrnium aluco of some authors, the chat-huant of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French, the species whose tremulous hooting " to-whit, to-who," has been celebrated by See also:

• SHAKESPEARE, WILLIAM (1564-1616)

Shakespeare, and, as well as the plaintive 'See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call, " keewick," of the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young after leaving the See also:

• NEST

nest, will be See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar sounds to many readers, for the bird is very generally distributed throughout most parts of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, extending its range through See also:

• ASIA

Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor to See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine, and also to See also:

• BARBARY

Barbary—but not belonging to the Ethiopian Region or to the eastern See also:

• HALF

half of the Palaearctic . It Flo. t.—Strix occidentalis._ is the largest of the species indigenous to See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain, and is strictly a woodland bird, only occasionally choosing any other See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place for its nest than a hollow See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree . Its See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food consists almost entirely of small mammals, chiefly rodents; but, though on this See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account most deserving of See also:

• PROTECTION

protection from all classes, it is subject to the stupid persecution of the ignorant, and is rapidly declining in See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers ? Its nearest allies in See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• AMERICA

America are the S. nebulosa, with some kindred forms, one of which, the S. occidentalis of See also:

• CALIFORNIA
• CALIFORNIA, LOWER (Baja California)
• CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

California and See also:

• ARIZONA (from the Spanish-Indian Arizonac, of unknown meaning,—possibly " few springs,"-the name of an 18th-century mining camp in the Santa Cruz valley, just S. of the present border of Arizona)

Arizona, is figured above; but none of them seem to have the " merry See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note " that is uttered by the See also:

• EUROPEAN

European species . See also:

• COMMON

Common to the most northerly See also:

• FOREST

forest-tracts of both continents (for, though a slight difference of coloration is observable between See also:

• AMERICAN

American examples and those from the Old See also:

• WORLD

World, it is impossible to consider it specific) is the much larger S. cinerea or S. lapponica, whose See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron-grey plumage, delicately mottled with dark See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown, and the concentric circles of its facial disks make it one of the most remarkable of the group . Then may be noticed the genus Bubo—containing several species 1 All owls have the See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of casting up the indigestible parts of the food swallowed in the form of pellets, which may often be found in abundance under the owl-roost, and reveal without any manner of doubt what the prey of the birds has been . The result in nearly every See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case shows the enormous service they render to See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man in destroying rats and mice . Details of many observations to this effect are recorded in the Bericht fiber See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die XIV . Versammlung der Deulschen Ornithologen-Gesellschaft (pp . 30-34).which from their size are usually known as See also:

• EAGLE (Fr. aigle, from the Lat. aquila)

eagle-owls . Here the Nearctic and Palaearctic forms are sufficiently distinct—the latter, B. ignavus,2 the due or See also:

• GRAND

grand due of the French, ranging over the whole of Europe and Asia north of the Himalayas, while the former, B. virginianus, extends over the whole of North America .

A contrast to the generally sombre See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour of these birds is shown by the snowy owl, Nyctea scandiaca, a circumpolar species, and the only one of its genus, which disdains the shelter of forests and braves the most rigorous See also:

• ARCTIC (Gr. "ApKroc, the Bear, the northern constellation of Ursa Major)

arctic See also:

• CLIMATE

climate, though compelled to migrate southward in See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter when no sustenance is See also:

• LEFT

left for it . Its large size and See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white plumage, more or less mottled with See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black, distinguish this from every other owl . Then may be mentioned the birds commonly known in English as " horned " owls—the hibous of the French, belonging to the genus Asio . One, A. otus (the Otus vulgaris of some authors), inhabits See also:

• WOODS, LEONARD (1774-1854)
• WOODS, SIR ALBERT (1816-1904)

woods, and, distinguished by its long tufts, usually See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne erected, would seem to be common to both America and Europe—though experts profess their ability to distinguish between examples from each See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country . Another species, A. accipitrinus (the Otus brachyotus of many authors), has much shorter tufts on its head, and they are frequently carried depressed so as to See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape observation . This is the " See also:

• WOODCOCK (O. Eng. wude-cocc, wudu-coc, and wudu-snite)

woodcock-owl " of English sportsmen, for, though a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good many are bred in Great Britain, the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority arrive in autumn from Scandinavia, just about the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time that the See also:

• IMMIGRATION (from Lat. in, into, and tnigrare, to depart)

immigration of woodcocks occurs . This species frequents heaths, See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

moors and the open country generally, to the exclusion of woods, and has an enormous See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical range, including not only all Europe, North See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa and See also:

• NORTHERN

northern Asia, but the whole of America—reaching also to the Falklands, the Galapagos and the See also:

• SANDWICH
• SANDWICH, EDWARD MONTAGU, or MOUNTAGU, 1ST EARL OF (1625–1672)
• SANDWICH, JOHN MONTAGU, 4TH EARL OF (1718–1792)

Sandwich Islands—for the See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to See also:

• SEPARATE

separate specifically examples from those localities only shows that they possess more or less well-defined See also:

• LOCAL

local races . Commonly placed near Asio, but whether really akin to it cannot be stated, is the genus Scops, of which nearly See also:

• FORTY

forty species, coming from different parts of the world, have been described; but this number should probably be reduced by one half . The type of the genus S. giu, the See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

petit duc of the French, is a well-known bird in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of Europe, about as big as a See also:

• THRUSH (A. S. Prysce, Icel. priistr, Norw. Trast, O. H. Ger. Drosce, whence the mod. Ger. prossel, to be compared with the analogous English form Throstle,l now almost obsolete, both being apparently diminutives)

thrush, with very delicately pencilled plumage, occasionally visiting Britain, emigrating in autumn across the Mediterranean, and ranging very far to the eastward . Farther southward, both in Asia and Africa, it is represented by other species of very similar size, and in the eastern See also:

• PART

part of North America by S. asio, of which there is a tolerably distinct western form, S. kennicotti, besides several local races . S. asio is one of the owls that especially exhibits the dimorphism of coloration above mentioned, and it was long before the true See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the case was understood . At first the two forms were thought to be distinct, and then for some time the belief obtained that the ruddy birds were the young of the greyer form which was called S. naevia; but now the " red owl " and the " mottled owl " of the older American ornithologists are known to be one species .3 One of the most remarkable of American owls is Speotyto cunicularia, the bird that in the northern part of the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent inhabits the burrows of the See also:

• PRAIRIE (adopted from the Fr. prairie, a meadow-tract. Late Lat. prataria, Lat. pratum, meadow)

prairie See also:

• DOG

dog, and in the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern those of the biscacha, where the latter occurs—making holes for itself, says See also:

• DARWIN, CHARLES ROBERT (1809-1882)
• DARWIN, ERASMUS (1731-1802)

Darwin, where that is not the case—rattlesnakes being often also See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint tenants of the same abodes .

The See also:

• ODD (in middle English odde, from old Norwegian oddi, an angle of a triangle; the old Norwegian oddamann is used of the third man who gives a casting vote in a dispute)

odd association of these animals, interesting as it is, cannot here be more than noticed, for a few words must be said, ere we leave the owls of this section, on the species which has associations of a very different kind—the bird of See also:

• PALLAS, PETER SIMON (1741–1811)

Pallas Athene, the See also:

• EMBLEM (Gr. Eµ3Xysa, something put in or inserted, from EµfiiXAew, to throw in)

emblem of the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city to which See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science and See also:

• ART

art were so welcome . There can be no doubt, from the many representations on coins and sculptures, as to their subject being the Carine noctua of See also:

• MODERN

modern ornithologists, but those who know the See also:

• GROTESQUE

grotesque actions and ludicrous expression of this veritable buffoon of birds can never 2 This species bears confinement very well, and propagates freely therein . To it belong the historic owls of See also:

• ARUNDEL
• ARUNDEL, EARLDOM OF
• ARUNDEL, EARLS OF
• ARUNDEL, THOMAS (1353-1414)

Arundel See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

Castle . 3 See the remarks of Mr Ridgway in the work before quoted (B . N . America, iii . 9, ro), where also response is made to the observations of Mr See also:

• ALLEN, BOG OF
• ALLEN, ETHAN (1739–1789)
• ALLEN, GRANT CHARLES GRANT BLAIRFINDIEI, (1848–1899)
• ALLEN, JAMES LANE (1850– )
• ALLEN, JOHN (1476–1534)
• ALLEN, or ALLEYN, THOMAS (1542-1632)
• ALLEN, WILLIAM (1532-1594)
• ALLEN, WILLIAM FRANCIS (183o-1889)

Allen in the Harvard Bulletin (ii . 338, 339) . 398 cease to wonder at its having been seriously selected as the See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol of learning, and can hardly divest themselves of a suspicion that the choice must have been made in the spirit of See also:

• SARCASM

sarcasm . This little owl (for that is its only name—though it is not even the smallest that appears in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England), the cheveche of the French, is spread throughout the greater part of Europe, but it is not a native of Britain . It has a congener in C. brama, a bird well known to all residents in See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India . Finally, we have owls of the second section, those allied to the screech-owl, Strix flammea, the Effraiei of the French .

This, with its discor- dant scream, its snoring, and its hissing, is far too well known to need description, for it is one of the most widely- spread of birds, 11~~ and is the owl that has the greatest geo- graphical l i ti range, inhabiting almost i~~~I` every country in ti the world—See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden and Nor-way, America north of See also:

• LAT

lat . 450, and New See also:

• ZEALAND (also SEALAND Or SEELAND; Danish Sjaelland)

Zealand being the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal exceptions . It varies, however, not inconsiderably, both in size and intensity of colour, and several ornithologists have tried to found on these See also:

• VARIATIONS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS
• VARIATIONS, CALCULUS OF

variations more than half-a-dozen distinct species . Some, if not most of them, seem, however, hardly worthy to be considered geographical races, for their See also:

• DIFFERENCES, CALCULUS OF (Theory of Finite Differences)

differences do not always depend on locality . R . See also:

• BOWDLER

Bowdler See also:

• SHARPE, DANIEL (18o6-1856)

Sharpe, with much labour and in great detail, has given his reasons (See also:

• CAT
• CAT, CIVET
• CAT, HOUSE

Cat . B . Brit . Museum, ii . 291-309; and Ornith . See also:

• MISCELLANY

Miscellany, i . 269-298; ii .

1-21) for acknowledging four" subspecies " of S. jlammea, as well as five other species . Of these last, S. tenebricosa is See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar to See also:

• AUSTRALIA

Australia, while S. novae-hollandiae inhabits also New See also:

• GUINEA

Guinea, and has a " subspecies," S. castanops, found only in See also:

• TASMANIA

Tasmania; a third, S. candida, has a wide range from See also:

• FIJI
• FIJI (Viii)

Fiji and northern Australia through the Philippines and See also:

• FORMOSA
• FORMOSA (called Taiwan by the Chinese, and following them by the Japanese, into whose possession it came after their war with China in 1895)

Formosa to See also:

• CHINA

China, Burmah and India; a See also:

• FOURTH

fourth, S. capensis, is peculiar to South Africa; while S. thomensis is said to be confined to the See also:

• AFRICAN

African See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of St See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas . To these may perhaps have to be added a species from New Britain, described by See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Salvadori as Strix aurantia, but it may possibly prove on further investigation not to be a strigine owl at all . (A .