GREGORIUS See also:

• GREGORIUS PALAMAS (a. 1296-1359)

PALAMAS (a. 1296-1359)  , See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek mystic and See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief apologist of the See also:

• HESYCHASTS ($1v(acrai or ilaux4ovres, from ' avxos, quiet, also called &µc/mM‘livxoe, Umbilicanimi, and sometimes referred to as Euchites, Massalians or .Palamites)

Hesychasts (q.v.), belonged to a distinguished Anatolian See also:

• FAMILY

family, and his See also:

• FATHER

father held an important position at See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople . See also:

• PALAMAS, GREGORIUS (a. 1296-1359)

Palamas at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age retired to Mt See also:

• ATHOS (Gr. "Aytov "Opos; Turk. Aineros; Ital. Monte Santo)

Athos, where he became acquainted with the mystical theories of the Hesychasts . In 1326 he went to Skete near Beroea, where he spent some years in See also:

• ISOLATION

isolation in a See also:

• CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell specially built for him . His See also:

• HEALTH

health having broken down, he returned to Mt Athos, but, finding little See also:

• RELIEF

relief, removed to Thessalonica . About this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time Barlaam, the Calabrian See also:

• MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
• MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
• MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
• MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)

monk, began his attacks upon the monks of Athos, and Palamas came forward as their See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion . In 1341 and 1351 he took See also:

• PART

part in the two synods at Constantinople, which definitively secured the victory of the Palamites . During the See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war between See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Cantacuzene and the Palaeologi, Palamas was imprisoned . After Cantacuzene's victory in 1347, Palamas was released and appointed See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of Thessalonica; being refused admittance by the inhabitants, he retired to the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of See also:

• LEMNOS (mod. Limnos)

Lemnos, but subsequently obtained his see . Palamas endeavoured to justify the See also:

• MYSTICISM (from Or. µuety, to shut the eyes; µuorrts, one initiated into the mysteries)

mysticism of the Hesychasts on dogmatic grounds . The chief See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of his attack were Barlaam, Gregorius Acindynus and Nicephorus See also:

• GREGORAS, NICEPHORUS (c. 1295-1360)

Gregoras . Palamas was a prolific writer, but only a few of his See also:

• WORKS

works have been published, most of which will be found in J . P .

See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne, Patrologia graeca (el., cll.) . They consist of polemics against the Latins and their See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of the Procession of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• GHOST (a word common to the W. Teutonic languages; O.E. vest, Dutch, 'geest, Ger. Geist)

Ghost; Hesychastic writings; homilies; a See also:

• LIFE

life of St See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter (a monk of Athos); a rhetorical See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay Prosopopeia (ed . A . See also:

• JAHN, FRIEDRICH LUDWIG (1778-1852)
• JAHN, JOHANN (1750—1816)
• JAHN, OTTO (1813—1869)

Jahn, 1884), containing the accusations brought against the See also:

• BODY

body by the soul, the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence made by the body, and the final pronouncement of the See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges in favour of the body, on the ground that its sins are the result of inadequate teaching . See the See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical works of John Cantacuzene and Nicephorus Gregoras, the Vita Palamae by Philotheus, and the encomium by Nilus (both patriarchs of Constantinople) ; also C . See also:

• KRUMBACHER, CARL (1856–1909)

Krumbacher, Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur (1897) .