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PALMA, or PALMA DE MALLORCA

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 643 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PALMA, or PALMA DE MALLORCA  , the See also:capital of the See also:Spanish See also:province of the Balearic Islands, the See also:residence of a See also:captain-See also:general, an episcopal see, and a flourishing seaport, situated 135 M . S.S.E. of See also:Barcelona, on the See also:south-See also:west See also:coast of See also:Majorca, at the See also:head of the See also:fine See also:Bay of See also:Palma, which stretches inland for about 10 m. between Capes Cala Figuera and Regana . Pop . (1 goo), 63,937, including a See also:colony of See also:Jews converted to See also:Christianity (Chuetas) . Palma is the See also:meeting See also:place of all the highways in the See also:island, and the See also:terminus of the railway to Inca, See also:Manacor, and Alcudia . The ramparts, which enclose the See also:city on all sides except towards the See also:port (where they were demolished in 1872), have a See also:circuit of a little more than 4 in . Though begun in 1562, they were not finished till 1836 . Palma underwent considerable See also:change in the 19th See also:century, and the fine old-See also:world Moorish See also:character of the place suffered accordingly . The more conspicuous buildings are the See also:cathedral, the See also:exchange, the royal See also:palace, now occupied by the captain-general, and the See also:law courts, the episcopal palace, a handsome See also:late See also:Renaissance See also:building (16r6), the general See also:hospital (1456), the See also:town-See also:house (end of the 16th century), the picture See also:gallery, and the See also:college . The See also:church of See also:San Francisco is interesting for the See also:tomb of Raimon See also:Lull, a native of Palma . The cathedral was erected and dedicated to the Virgin by See also:King See also:James I. of See also:Aragon as he sailed to the See also:conquest of Majorca; but, though founded in 1230, it was not finished till 16o1 . The older and more interesting portions are the royal See also:chapel (1232), with the See also:marble See also:sarcophagus of James II .

(d . 1311) which was erected here in 1779; and the south front with the elaborately-sculptured See also:

doorway known as del mirador (1389) . The exchange (lonja), a See also:Gothic building begun in 1426, excited the admiration of the See also:emperor See also:Charles V . Palma has a See also:seminary founded in 1700, a collection of archives dating from the 14th century, a school and museum of fine arts, a nautical school and an See also:institute founded in 1836 to replace the old university (1503) . The See also:harbour, formed by a See also:mole constructed to a length of 387 yds. in the 14th century and afterwards extended to more than 65o yds., has been greatly improved since 1875 by dredgingand a further addition to the mole of 136 yds . Previously it was not accessible to vessels See also:drawing more than 18 ft . Palma has frequent and' See also:regular communication by steamer with Barcelona, See also:Valencia and See also:Alicante . Puertopi, about 2 M. south-west of the city, was once a See also:good harbour, but is now See also:fit only for small See also:craft . Palma has a thriving See also:trade in See also:grain, See also:wine, oil, almonds, See also:fruit, vegetables, See also:silk, foodstuffs and livestock . There are manufactures of See also:alcohol, See also:liqueurs, See also:chocolate, See also:starch, See also:sugar, preserves, See also:flour, See also:soap, See also:leather, earthenware, See also:glass, matches, See also:paper, See also:linen, woollen goods and rugs . Palma probably owes, if not its existence, at least its name (symbolized on the See also:Roman coins by a See also:palm See also:branch), to See also:Metellus Balearicus, who in 123 B.C. settled three thousand Roman and Spanish colonists on the island . The bishopric See also:dates from the 14th century .

About 1 m. south-west of Palma is the See also:

castle of Bellver or Belbez, the See also:ancient residence of the See also:kings of Majorca . Miramar, the beautiful See also:country seat of the See also:archduke See also:Ludwig Salvator of See also:Austria, is 12 M. See also:north of Palma .

End of Article: PALMA, or PALMA DE MALLORCA
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