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PANTHEON (Lat. pantheum or pantheon; ...

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 683 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PANTHEON (See also:Lat. pantheum or pantheon; Gr. srav& ov, all-See also:holy, from re, s, all, and Oeor See also:god)  , the name of two buildings in See also:Rome and See also:Paris respectively; more generally, the name of any See also:building in which as a See also:mark of See also:honour the bodies of the nation's famous men are buried, or " memorials " or monuments to them are placed . Thus See also:Westminster See also:Abbey is sometimes styled the See also:British " See also:Pantheon," and the rotunda in the See also:Escorial where the See also:kings of See also:Spain are buried also bears the name . Near See also:Regensburg (q.v.) is the pantheon of See also:German worthies, known as the See also:Valhalla . The first building to which the name was given was that built in Rome in 27 B.C. by See also:Agrippa; it was burned later and the existing building was erected in the reign of See also:Hadrian; since A.D . 609 it has been a See also:Christian See also:church, S Maria Rotunda . It was the Paris building that gave rise to the generic use of the See also:term for a building where a nation's illustrious dead See also:rest . The Pantheon in Paris was the church built in the classical See also:style by Soufflot; it was begun in 1764 and consecrated to the patroness of the See also:city, Sainte See also:Genevieve . At the Revolution it was secularized under the name of Le Pantheon, and dedicated to the See also:great men of the nation . It was reconsecrated in 1828 for See also:worship, was again secularized in 183o, was once more a See also:place of worship from 1851 to 1870, and was then a third See also:time secularized . On the See also:entablature is inscribed the words Aux Grandes See also:Holmes La Patrie See also:Reconnaissance . The See also:decree of 1885 finally established the building for the purpose for which the name now stands .

End of Article: PANTHEON (Lat. pantheum or pantheon; Gr. srav& ov, all-holy, from re, s, all, and Oeor god)
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