See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

HENRY See also:

• PARKES, SIR HARRY SMITH (1828-1885)
• SIR HENRY PARKES (1815–1896)

PARKES (1815–1896)  , Australian statesman, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Stoneleigh, in See also:

• WARWICKSHIRE

Warwickshire, on the 27th of May 1815 . The son of parents in very humble circumstances, he received only a rudimentary See also:

• EDUCATION

education, and at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age was obliged to See also:

• EARN

earn his living as a See also:

• COMMON

common labourer . Failing to make his way in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, he emigrated to See also:

• AUSTRALIA

Australia in 1839, and after a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time settled in See also:

• SYDNEY

Sydney as an See also:

• IVORY (Fr. ivoire, Lat. ebur)
• IVORY, SIR JAMES (1765-1842)

ivory-See also:

• TURNER, CHARLES (1773–1857)
• TURNER, JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM (1775–1851)
• TURNER, NAT (1800-1831)
• TURNER, SHARON (1768-1847)
• TURNER, SIR JAMES (1615–1686)
• TURNER, WILLIAM (d. 1568)

turner . Conscious of his See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, he worked unremittingly to repair the deficiencies of his education, and See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed a genuine See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste for literature, and a See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift for versification which won the approval of so severe a See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge as See also:

• TENNYSON, ALFRED TENNYSON

Tennyson . His first See also:

• VOLUME

volume of poems was published in 1842, under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of Stolen Moments . He now began to take an active See also:

• PART

part in politics, and soon showed himself the wielder of an incisive See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style as a See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader-writer, and a popular orator of unrivalled See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence . He took a prominentpart in the See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement against the transportation of convicts, and in 1849 started the See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire newspaper to inculcate his policy of attacking abuses while remaining loyal to the See also:

• CROWN

Crown . The See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper at once made its See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark, but owing to See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial difficulties ceased to appear in 1858 . One of the reforms for which See also:

• PARKES, SIR HARRY SMITH (1828-1885)
• PARKES, SIR HENRY (1815–1896)

Parkes fought most strenuously was the full introduction of responsible See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government . He was returned to the legislative See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council under the old constitution as member for Sydney, and on the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of a legislative See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly in 1856 was elected for See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East Sydney . His See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary career was twice interrupted by pecuniary embarrassments; indeed, he never acquired the See also:

• ART

art of maLing See also:

• MONEY

money, and in spite of a public subscription raised in 1887 died in See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute penury . He was elected for East Sydney in 1859 at the first See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election under the new electoral See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act, and sat till 1861, when he was sent to England as a See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner for promoting See also:

• EMIGRATION (from Lat. emigrare; e, ex, out of, and migrare, to depart)

emigration .

He made a prolonged stay in England, and described his impressions in a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of letters to the Sydney See also:

• MORNING

Morning See also:

• HERALD (O. Fr. heraut, herault; the origin is uncertain, but O.H.G. heren, to call, or hariwald, leader of an army, have been proposed; the Gr. equivalent is Kddpvi : Lat. praeco, caduceator, fetialis)

Herald, some of which were reprintcd in 1869 under the title of Australian Views of England . He returned to Australia in 1863, and, re-entering the Assembly, became colonial secretary in the See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry from 1866 to 1868 . He succeeded in passing the Public See also:

• SCHOOLS

Schools Act of 1866, which for the first time instituted an efficient See also:

• SYSTEM

system of See also:

• PRIMARY

primary education in the See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony . His great See also:

• CHANCE (through the O. Fr. cheance, from the Late Lat. cadentia, things happening, from cadere, to fall out, happen; cf. " case ")

chance came in 1872, when the Martin ministry resigned on the question of the sum payable by See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria in lieu of border duties . Parkes had for several years persistently advocated See also:

• FREE

free imports as a remedy for the financial See also:

• DISTRESS

distress of the colony . He now became See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister and colonial secretary; and rising to the height of his opportunity, he removed the cause of dispute by throwing the colony open to See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade . He held See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office till 1875, and on the fall of the See also:

• ROBERTSON, FREDERICK WILLIAM (1816-1853)
• ROBERTSON, GEORGE CROOM (1842-1892)
• ROBERTSON, JOSEPH (1810-1866)
• ROBERTSON, THOMAS WILLIAM (1829-1871)
• ROBERTSON, WILLIAM BRUCE (182o-1886)

Robertson ministry again became premier and colonial secretary from See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March till See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1877 . At the end of this See also:

• YEAR

year he was made K.C.M.G . Finding that the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of parties did not allow of the existence of a See also:

• STABLE

stable ministry, he formed a See also:

• COALITION (Lat. coalitio, the verbal substantive of coalescere, to grow together)

coalition with See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Robertson, and became premier and colonial secretary for the third time from See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1878 to See also:

• JANUARY

January 1883 . In 1882 and in 1883–1884 he paid prolonged visits to England . Already distinguished among Australian statesmen for breadth of outlook and passionate devotion to the Empire, he returned with those qualities enhanced . For a time he found himself almost in a position of See also:

• ISOLATION

isolation, but in 1887 the policy of See also:

• PROTECTION

protection adopted by his successors brought him again into office .

His free trade policy was once more successful . Other important See also:

• MEASURES

measures of his See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration were the reform of the See also:

• CIVIL

civil service, the See also:

• PROHIBITION (Lat. prohibere, to prevent)

prohibition of See also:

• CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese See also:

• IMMIGRATION (from Lat. in, into, and tnigrare, to depart)

immigration, and the See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways and public See also:

• WORKS

works acts . He See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell from office in January 1889, but in the following March became for the fifth time premier and colonial secretary . The See also:

• REMAINDER, REVERSION

remainder of his See also:

• LIFE

life was chiefly devoted to the question of Australian federation . The Federal See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

Convention at See also:

• MELBOURNE
• MELBOURNE, WILLIAM LAMB, 2ND VISCOUNT (1779-1848)

Melbourne in 1890 was mainly his See also:

• WORK

work; and he presided over the convention at Sydney in 1891, and was chiefly responsible for the draft constitution there carried . Defeated in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1891 on his refusal to accept an eight See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours' See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day for See also:

• COAL

coal-miners, he remained in opposition for the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his career, sacrificing even free trade in the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope of smoothing the path of federation . He died at Sydney on the 27th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1896; but though he did not live to see the realization of his efforts, he may justly be called the See also:

• FATHER

Father of the Australian See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

Commonwealth . He published, in addition to the works already named and numerous volumes of See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse, a collection of speeches on the Federal Government of Australia (189o), and an autobiography, Fifty Years in the making of Australian See also:

• HISTORY

History (1892) .