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ETIENNE PASQUIER (1529-1615)

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 884 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ETIENNE See also:PASQUIER (1529-1615)  , See also:French lawyer and See also:man of letters, was See also:born at See also:Paris, on the 7th of See also:June 1529 by his own See also:account, according to others a See also:year earlier . He was called to the Paris See also:bar in 1549 . In 1558 he became very See also:ill through eating poisonous mushrooms, and did not recover fully for two years . This compelled him to occupy himself by See also:literary See also:work, and in 156o he published the first See also:book of his Recherches de la See also:France . In 1565, when he was See also:thirty-seven, his fame was established by a See also:great speech still extant, in which he pleaded the cause of the university of Paris against the See also:Jesuits, and won it . Meanwhile he pursued the Recherches steadily, and published from See also:time to time much See also:miscellaneous work . His literary and his legal occupations coincided in a curious See also:fashion at the Grands Jours of See also:Poitiers in 1579 . These Grands Jours (an institution which See also:fell into desuetude at the end of the 17th See also:century, with See also:bad effects on the social and See also:political welfare of the French provinces) were a See also:kind of irregular See also:assize in which a See also:commission of the See also:parlement of Paris, selected and despatched at See also:short See also:notice by the See also:king, had full See also:power to hear and determine all causes, especially those in which seignorial rights had been abused . At the Grands Jours of Poitiers of the date mentioned, and at those of See also:Troyes in 1583, See also:Pasquier officiated; and each occasion has See also:left a curious literary memorial of the jests with which he and his colleagues relieved their graver duties . The Poitiers work was the celebrated collection of poems on a See also:flea (see See also:Southey's See also:Doctor) . In 1585 Pasquier was appointed by See also:Henry III. See also:advocate-See also:general at the Paris cours See also:des comptes, an important See also:body having political as well as See also:financial and legal functions . Here he distinguished himself particularly by opposing, sometimes successfully, the mischievous See also:system of selling hereditary places and offices, which more perhaps than any single thing was the curse of the older French See also:monarchy .

The See also:

civil See also:wars compelled Pasquier to leave Paris and for some years he lived at See also:Tours, working steadily at his great book, but he returned to Paris in Henry IV.'s See also:train in See also:March 1594 . He continued until 1604 at his work in the chambre des comptes; then he retired . He survived this retirement more than ten years, producing much literary work, and died after a few See also:hours' illness on the 1st of See also:September 1615 . In so See also:long and so laborious a See also:life Pasquier's work was naturally considerable, and it has never been fully collected or indeed printed . The See also:standard edition is that of See also:Amsterdam (2 vols. fol., 1723) . But for See also:ordinary readers the selections of See also:Leon Feugere, published at Paris (2 vols . 8vo, 1849), with an elaborate introduction, are most accessible . As a poet Pasquier is chiefly interesting as a See also:minor member of the Pleiade See also:movement . As a See also:prose writer he is of much more account . The three See also:chief divisions of his prose work are his Recherches, his letters and his professional speeches . The letters are of much See also:biographical See also:interest and See also:historical importance, and the Recherches contain in a somewhat miscellaneous fashion invaluable See also:information on a vast variety of subjects, literary, political, antiquarian and other .

End of Article: ETIENNE PASQUIER (1529-1615)
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