PASSAU  , a See also:

• TOWN

town and episcopal see of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, in the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• BAVARIA (Ger. Bayern)

Bavaria, picturesquely situated at the confluence of the See also:

• DANUBE (Ger. Donau, Hungarian Duna, Rumanian Dunarea, Lat. Danubius or Danuvius, and in the lower part of its course Ister)

Danube, the See also:

• INN

Inn and the Ilz, See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close to the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian frontier, 89 m . N.E. from See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich and 74 S.E. of See also:

• REGENSBURG (RATISBON)

Regensburg by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (1900), 18,003, nearly all being See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholics . Passau consists of the town proper, lying on the rocky See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue of See also:

• LAND

land between the Danube and the Inn, and of four suburbs, Innstadt on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Inn, Ilzstadt on the See also:

• LEFT

left bank of the Ilz, Anger in the See also:

• ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle between Ilz and the Danube, and St Nikola. it is one of the most beautiful places on the Danube, a See also:

• FINE

fine effect being produced by the way in which the houses are piled up one above another on the heights rising from the See also:

• RIVER

river . The best See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general view is obtained from the Oberhaus, an old fortress, now used as a See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, which crowns a See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill 300 ft. high on the left bank of the Danube . Of the eleven churches, the most interesting is the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral of St See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen, a florid, See also:

• ROCOCO, or ROCAILLE

rococo edifice . It was built after a See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire in the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century on the site of a See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church said to have been founded in the 5th century; it has two towers, and contains some valuable See also:

• RELICS (Lat, reliquiae, the equivalent of the English " remains " in the sense of a dead body)

relics . Other churches are the See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic church of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• GHOST (a word common to the W. Teutonic languages; O.E. vest, Dutch, 'geest, Ger. Geist)

Ghost; the churches of St Severin, of St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul and of St Gertrude; the See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double church of St Salvator; the Romanesque church of the Holy See also:

• CROSS

Cross; the See also:

• PILGRIMAGE (Fr. pelerinage, Lat. peregrinatio)

pilgrimage church of Our See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady of Succour (Mariahilf); the church of the hospitalof St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John; and the Romanesque Votiv Kirche . The See also:

• POST

post See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office occupies the site of a See also:

• BUILDING

building in which in 1552 the Treaty of Passau was signed between the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles V. and See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice, elector of See also:

• SAXONY
• SAXONY (Ger. Provinz Sachsen)

Saxony . The fine Dom Platz contains a statue of the Bavarian See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, See also:

• MAXIMILIAN
• MAXIMILIAN (1832—1867)

Maximilian I . The old forts and bastions of the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city have been demolished, but the two linked fortresses, the Oberhaus and the Niederhaus, are still extant .

The former was built See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in the 13th century by the See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop in consequence of a revolt on the See also:

• PART

part of the citizens; the latter, mentioned as early as 737, is now private See also:

• PROPERTY

property . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries are the manufacture of See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco, See also:

• BEER

beer, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, See also:

• PORCELAIN

porcelain, machinery and See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper . Large quantities of See also:

• TIMBER

timber are floated down the Ilz . The well-known Passau crucibles are made at the neighbouring See also:

• VILLAGE

village of Obernzell . Passau is of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient origin . The first See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement was probably a See also:

• CELTIC

Celtic one, Boiudurum; this was on the site of the See also:

• PRESENT

present Innstadt . Afterwards the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans established a See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony of Batavian veterans, the castra batava here . It received civic rights in 1225, and soon became a prosperous See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, but much of its See also:

• HISTORY

history consists of broils between the bishops and the citizens . The strong fortress of the Oberhaus was taken by the Austrians in 1742, and again in 1805 . The bishopric of Passau was founded by St See also:

• BONIFACE (Bonifacius)
• BONIFACE, SAINT (680-754)

Boniface in 738 . The See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese was a large one, including until 1468 not only much of Bavaria, but practically the whole of the archduchy of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria . About 126o the bishop became a See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire .

Amongst the earlier bishops was Pilgrin or Piligrim (d . 991), and among the later ones were the Austrian archdukes, See also:

• LEOPOLD (M.H. Ger. Liupolt; O.H. Ger. Liupald, from hut, Mod. Ger. Leute, " people," and paid, " bold," i.e. " bold for the people ")

Leopold and Leopold See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William, the former a See also:

• BROTHER

brother and the latter a son of the emperor See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand II . In 1803 the bishopric was secularized, and in 18o5 its lands came into the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of Bavaria . The See also:

• AREA

area, which was diminished in the 15th, and again in the 18th century, was then about 350 sq. m., and the See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population about 50,000 . A new bishopric of Passau, with ecclesiastical See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction only, was established in 1817 . See Erhart, Geschichte der Stadi Passau (Passau, 1862–1864) ; and See also:

• MORIN, JEAN (latinized JOANNES MORINUS) (1591-1659)

Morin, Passau (1878) . For the history of the bishopric see Schuller, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Bischofe von Passau (Passau, 1844) ; and Schrodl, Passavia sacra . Geschichte See also:

• DES

des Bistums Passau (Passau, 1879) .