See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

WALTER HORATIO See also:

• WALTER HORATIO PATER (1839-1894)

PATER (1839-1894)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man of letters, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• SHADWELL, THOMAS (c. 1642-1692)

Shadwell on the 4th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1839 . He was the second son of See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard Glode See also:

• PATER, WALTER HORATIO (1839-1894)

Pater, a medical man, of Dutch extraction, born in New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York . See also:

• JEAN

Jean-See also:

• BAPTISTE

Baptiste Pater, the painter, was probably of the same See also:

• FAMILY

family . Richard Pater moved from See also:

• OLNEY
• OLNEY, RICHARD (1835— )

Olney to Shadwell See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in the See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and continued to practise there among the poorer classes . He died while his son See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter was yet an See also:

• INFANT (in early forms enfaunt, enfant, through the Fr. enfant, from Lat. infans, in, not, and fans, the present participle of fari, to speak)

infant, and the family then moved to See also:

• ENFIELD

Enfield, where the See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children were brought up . In 1853 Walter Pater was sent to See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King's School, See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury, where he was early impressed by the aesthetic beauties of the See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral . These associations remained with him through See also:

• LIFE

life . As a schoolboy he read See also:

• MODERN

Modern Painters, and was attracted to the study of See also:

• ART

art, but he did not make any conspicuous See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark in school studies, and showed no signs of the See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste which he was afterwards to develop . His progress was always See also:

• GRADUAL (Med. Lat. gradualis, of or belonging to steps or degrees; gradus, step)

gradual . He gained a school See also:

• EXHIBITION

exhibition, however, with which he proceeded in 1858 to See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford . His undergraduate life was unusually uneventful; he was a shy, " See also:

• READING

reading man," making few See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . See also:

• JOWETT, BENJAMIN (1817-1893)

Jowett, however, was struck by his promise, and volunteered to give him private tuition .

But Pater's class was a disappointment, and he only took a second in literae humaniores in 1862 . After taking his degree he settled in Oxford and read with private pupils . As a boy he had cherished the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of entering the See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church, but, under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of his Oxford reading, his faith in See also:

• CHRISTIANITY

Christianity became shaken, and by the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he took his degree he had thoughts of graduating as a Unitarian See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister . This project, too, he resigned; and when, in 1864, he was elected to a fellowship at Brasenose, he had settled down easily into a university career . But it was no See also:

• PART

part of his ambition to sink into See also:

• ACADEMIC

academic torpor . With the See also:

• ASSUMPTION, FEAST OF

assumption of his dbties as See also:

• FELLOW

fellow the See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere of his interests widened rapidly; he became acutely interested in literature, and even began to write articles and criticisms himself . The first of these to be printed was a brief See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay upon See also:

• COLERIDGE, HARTLEY (1796-1849)
• COLERIDGE, JOHN DUKE COLERIDGE, 1ST BARON
• COLERIDGE, SAMUEL TAYLOR (1772-1834)
• COLERIDGE, SARA (1802–1852)
• COLERIDGE, SIR JOHN TAYLOR (1790-1876)

Coleridge, which he contributed in 1866 to the See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review . A few months later (See also:

• JANUARY

January, 1867) appeared in the same review his now well-known essay on Winckelrnann, the first expression of his See also:

• IDEALISM (from Gr. i5Ea, archetype or model, through been urged of the truth of its point of view is the persistency Fr. idealisme)

idealism . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year his study of " Aesthetic See also:

• POETRY

Poetry " appeared in the Fortnightly Review, to be succeeded by essays on Leonardo da See also:

• VINCI, LEONARDO (1690-173o)

Vinci, Sandro See also:

• BOTTICELLI, SANDRO

Botticelli, See also:

• PICO

Pico della See also:

• MIRANDOLA

Mirandola and See also:

• MICHELANGELO (MICHELAGNIOLO BUONARROTI) (1475-1564)

Michelangelo . These, with other studies of the same See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind, were in 1878 collected in his Studies in the See also:

• HISTORY

History of the See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance . Pater was now the centre of a small but very interesting circle in Oxford . Such men as cherished aesthetic tastes were naturally See also:

• DRAWN

drawn to him; and, though always retiring and, in a sense, remote in manner, he was continually spreading his influence, not only in the university, but among men of letters in See also:

• LONDON

London and elsewhere .

The little See also:

• BODY

body of Pre-Raphaelites were among his friends, and by the time that See also:

• MARIUS, GAIUS (r55–86 B.c.)

Marius the Epicurean appeared he had quite a following of disciples to See also:

• HAIL (O. Eng. kcegl and hagol, 1 cf. the cognate Teutonic hagel, as in German, Dutch, Swedish, &c.; the Gr. K&XX17E, pebble, is probably allied)

hail it as a See also:

• GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

gospel . This See also:

• FINE

fine and polished See also:

• WORK

work, the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of all his contributions to literature, was published early in 1885 . In it Pater displays, with perfected fullness and loving elaboration, his ideal of the aesthetic life, his cult of beauty as opposed to See also:

• BARE

bare See also:

• ASCETICISM

asceticism, and his theory of the stimulating effect of the pursuit of beauty as an ideal of its own . In 1887 he published Imaginary Portraits, a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of essays in philosophic fiction; in 1889, Appreciations, with an Essay on See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

Style; in 1893, See also:

• PLATO

Plato and See also:

• PLATONISM

Platonism; and in 1894, The See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

Child in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House . His See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek Studies and his See also:

• MISCELLANEOUS

Miscellaneous Studies were collected posthumously in 1895; his See also:

• POSTHUMOUS

posthumous See also:

• ROMANCE

romance of Gaston de Latour in 1896; and his Essays from the " See also:

• GUARDIAN

Guardian" were privately printed in 1897 . A collected edition of Pater's See also:

• WORKS

works was issued in Igor . Pater changed his See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence from time to time, living sometimes at See also:

• KENSINGTON

Kensington and in different parts of Oxford; but the centre of his work and influence was always his rooms at Brasenose . Here he laboured, with a wonderful particularity of care and choice, upon perfecting the expression of his theory of life and art . He wrote with difficulty, correcting and recorrecting with imperturbable assiduity . His mind, moreover, returned to the religious fervour of his youth, and those who knew him best believed that had he lived longer he would have resumed his boyish intention of taking See also:

• HOLY

holy orders . He was cut off, however, in the See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime of his See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . Seized with rheumatic See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever, he rallied, and sank again, dying on the See also:

• STAIRCASE

staircase of his house, in his See also:

• SISTER

sister's arms, on the See also:

• MORNING

morning of See also:

• MONDAY (in O.E. Monandaeg, the moon's day, a translation of the Late Lat. Lunae dies, from which the French lundi is taken)

Monday the 3oth of See also:

• JULY

July 1894 .

Pater's nature was so contemplative, and in a way so centred upon reflection, that he never perhaps gave full utterance to his individuality . His See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar literary style, too, burnished like the See also:

• SURFACE

surface of hard See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal, was too austerely magnificent to be always persuasive . At the time of his See also:

• DEATH

death Pater exercised a remarkable and a growing influence among that necessarily restricted class of persons who have themselves something of his own love for beauty and the beautiful phrase . But the cumulative richness and sonorous See also:

• DEPTH

depth of his See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language harmonized intimately with his deep and See also:

• EARNEST (probably a corruption of the obsolete arles or erles, adapted from Lat. equivalent arrha, due to a confusion with the adjective " earnest," serious, O. Eng. eornust, cognate with Ger. ernst)

earnest See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy of life; and those who can sympathize with a See also:

• NERVOUS

nervous idealism will always find See also:

• INSPIRATION (Lat. inspirare, breathe upon or into)

inspiration in his sincere and sustained See also:

• DESIRE

desire to " See also:

• BURN, RICHARD (1709-1785)

burn with a hard, See also:

• GEM (Lat. gemma, a bud,—from the root gen, meaning " to produce,"—or precious stone; in the latter sense the Greek term is > d>os)
• GEM, ARTIFICIAL

gem-like See also:

• FLAME (Lat. flamma; the root flag- appears in flagrare, to burn, blaze, and Gr. d, XEryew)

flame," and to live in See also:

• HARMONY (Gr. dpµovia, a concord of musical sounds, dpA'ew to join; &plan midi (sc. TeXvil)

harmony with the highest . (A . WA) . Mr Ferris Greenslet's Walter Pater (in the " Contemporary Men of Letters " series, 1904) is an interesting piece of See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism . Mr See also:

• ARTHUR (Fr. Arius)
• ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN (1830 – 1886)

Arthur See also:

• BENSON, EDWARD WHITE (182g—1896)
• BENSON, FRANCIS ROBERT (1858— )
• BENSON, FRANK WESTON (1862— )
• BENSON, GEORGE (1699–1762)

Benson's study in the " English Men of Letters " series is admirable . See too a See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

sketch in See also:

• EDMUND
• EDMUND, or EADMUND (c. 980-1016)
• EDMUND, SAINT [EDMUND RICE] (d. 1240)

Edmund See also:

• GOSSE, EDMUND (1849– )
• GOSSE, PHILIP HENRY (1810–r888)

Gosse's See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

Critical See also:

• KIT (1) (probably an adaptation of the Middle Dutch kitie, a wooden tub, usually with a lid and handles; in modern Dutch kit means a tankard)

Kit-Kats; and an estimate from a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic standpoint in Dr See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• BARRY
• BARRY, ELIZABETH (1658—1713)
• BARRY, JAMES (1741—1806)
• BARRY, SIR CHARLES (1795-1860)
• BARRY, SIR REDMOND (1813-188o)
• BARRY, SPRANGER (1719-1777)

Barry's Heralds of Revolt, where Pater is compared with J . Addington See also:

• SYMONDS, JOHN ADDINGTON (184o-180, English critic and poet, was born at Bristol, on the 5th of October 184o. He was the only son of John Addington Symonds, M.D. (1807—1871)
• SYMONDS, WILLIAM SAMUEL (1818-1887)

Symonds . T . See also:

• WRIGHT, CARROLL DAVIDSON (1840-1909)
• WRIGHT, CHAUNCEY (1830-1875)
• WRIGHT, JOSEPH (1734-1797)
• WRIGHT, SILAS (1795-1847)
• WRIGHT, THOMAS (1809–1884)
• WRIGHT, THOMAS (1810—1877)
• WRIGHT, WILLIAM ALDIS (1836– )

Wright's Life of Walter Pater (1907) is an elaborate but unsatisfactory piece of work .