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PATINA (probably from the Latin word ...

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 927 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PATINA (probably from the Latin word for a See also:flat dish, from patere, to See also:lie open; cf. " See also:paten ")  , a thin coating or incrustation which forms on the See also:surface of See also:bronze after exposure to the See also:air or See also:burial in the ground . It is looked on as a See also:great addition to the beauty of the bronze, especially when it is of the See also:green See also:colour found on See also:antique bronzes (see BRONZE) . By See also:extension, the word is applied to the discoloured or incrusted surface of See also:marble, See also:flint, &c., acquired after See also:long burial in the ground or exposure to the air, and also to the See also:special colour given to See also:wood surfaces by See also:time . PATIfO, JOSE or JOSEF (1666-1736), See also:Spanish statesman, was See also:born at See also:Milan, on the See also:firth of See also:April 1666 . His See also:father, See also:Don See also:Lucas Patino de See also:Ibarra, Senor de Castelar, who was by origin a Galician, was a member of the privy See also:council and inspector of the troops in the duchy of Milan for the See also:king of See also:Spain, to whom it then. belonged . His See also:mother's See also:maiden name was See also:Beatrice de Rosales y Facini . The Patine, See also:family were strong supporters of the See also:Bourbon See also:dynasty in the See also:War of the Spanish See also:Succession . The See also:elder See also:brother Baltasar, afterwards See also:marquis of Castelar, had a distinguished career as a diplomatist, and his son Lucas was a See also:general of some See also:note . Jose Patino, who had been intended for the priesthood but adopted a See also:secular career, was granted the reversion of a seat in the See also:senate of Milan on the See also:accession of See also:Phillip V. in 1700, but on the loss of the duchy he wastransferred to Spain, and put on the governing See also:body of the military orders in 1707 . During the War of Succession he served as intendent of See also:Estremadura, and then of See also:Catalonia from 1711 to 1718 . In 1717 he was named intendent of the See also:navy, which had just been reorganized on the See also:French See also:model . His capacity and his See also:faculty for hard See also:work secured him the approval of See also:Alberoni, with whom, however, he was never on very friendly terms in private See also:life .

Patino's See also:

Italian See also:education, which affected his Spanish See also:style, and caused him to fall into Italianisms all through his life, may have served to recommend him still further . Patin profoundly distrusted the reckless See also:foreign policy under-taken by Alberoni under the instigation of the king and his obstinate See also:queen, See also:Elizabeth See also:Farnese . He foretold that it would See also:lead to disaster, but as a public servant 'he could only obey orders, and he had the See also:chief merit of organizing the various expeditions sent out to See also:Sardinia, See also:Sicily and See also:Ceuta between 1718 and 1720 . He became known to the king and queen in the latter See also:year, while he was acting as a See also:species of See also:commissary-general during the disastrous operations against the French troops on the frontier of See also:Navarre . It was not, however, until 1726 that he was fully trusted by the king . He and his brother, the marquis of Castelar, were the chief opponents of the adventurer See also:Ripperda, who captivated the king and queen for a time . On the fall of this remarkable See also:person, Patifio was named secretary for the navy, the Indies—that is to say the colonies—and for foreign affairs . The war See also:office was added to the other departments at a later date . From the 13th of May 1726 until his See also:death on the 3rd of See also:November 1736 Patine, was in fact See also:prime See also:minister . During the later See also:part of his See also:administration he was much engaged in the laborious negotiations with See also:England in relation to the disputes between the two countries over their commercial and colonial rivalries in See also:America, which after his death led to the outbreak of war in 1739 . In his See also:Patina y See also:Campillo (See also:Madrid, 1882), See also:Doll See also:Antonio Rodriquez See also:Villa has collected the See also:dates of the statesman's life,, and has published some valuable papers . But the best See also:account of Patino's administration is to be found in See also:Coxe's See also:Memoirs of the See also:Kings of Spain of the See also:House of Bourbon (See also:London, 1815), which is founded on the See also:correspondence of the See also:English ministers at Madrid .

End of Article: PATINA (probably from the Latin word for a flat dish, from patere, to lie open; cf. " paten ")
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