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PATINA (probably from the Latin word ...

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 927 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PATINA (probably from the Latin word for a flat dish, from patere, to lie open; cf. " paten ")  , a thin coating or incrustation which forms on the
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surface of
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bronze after exposure to the air or
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burial in the ground . It is looked on as a
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great addition to the beauty of the bronze, especially when it is of the green colour found on antique bronzes (see BRONZE) . By extension, the word is applied to the discoloured or incrusted surface of marble, flint, &c., acquired after long burial in the ground or exposure to the air, and also to the
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special colour given to wood surfaces by time . PATIfO, JOSE or JOSEF (1666-1736),
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Spanish statesman, was born at Milan, on the firth of
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April 1666 . His
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father, Don Lucas Patino de
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Ibarra, Senor de Castelar, who was by origin a Galician, was a member of the privy council and inspector of the troops in the duchy of Milan for the king of Spain, to whom it then. belonged . His
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mother's maiden name was
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Beatrice de Rosales y Facini . The Patine,
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family were strong supporters of the Bourbon dynasty in the War of the Spanish Succession . The elder
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brother Baltasar, afterwards
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marquis of Castelar, had a distinguished career as a diplomatist, and his son Lucas was a general of some note . Jose Patino, who had been intended for the priesthood but adopted a secular career, was granted the reversion of a seat in the senate of Milan on the accession of Phillip V. in 1700, but on the loss of the duchy he wastransferred to Spain, and put on the governing
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body of the military orders in 1707 . During the War of Succession he served as intendent of Estremadura, and then of Catalonia from 1711 to 1718 . In 1717 he was named intendent of the
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navy, which had just been reorganized on the French model . His capacity and his faculty for hard
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work secured him the approval of Alberoni, with whom, however, he was never on very friendly terms in private
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life .

Patino's

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Italian
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education, which affected his Spanish style, and caused him to fall into Italianisms all through his life, may have served to recommend him still further . Patin profoundly distrusted the reckless
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foreign policy under-taken by Alberoni under the instigation of the king and his obstinate queen, Elizabeth Farnese . He foretold that it would lead to disaster, but as a public servant 'he could only obey orders, and he had the chief merit of organizing the various expeditions sent out to Sardinia, Sicily and Ceuta between 1718 and 1720 . He became known to the king and queen in the latter
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year, while he was acting as a
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species of commissary-general during the disastrous operations against the French troops on the frontier of Navarre . It was not, however, until 1726 that he was fully trusted by the king . He and his brother, the marquis of Castelar, were the chief opponents of the adventurer Ripperda, who captivated the king and queen for a time . On the fall of this remarkable person, Patifio was named secretary for the navy, the Indies—that is to say the colonies—and for foreign affairs . The war office was added to the other departments at a later date . From the 13th of May 1726 until his
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death on the 3rd of November 1736 Patine, was in fact prime minister . During the later
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part of his administration he was much engaged in the laborious negotiations with England in relation to the disputes between the two countries over their commercial and colonial rivalries in
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America, which after his death led to the outbreak of war in 1739 . In his Patina y Campillo (
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Madrid, 1882),
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Doll Antonio Rodriquez
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Villa has collected the
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dates of the statesman's life,, and has published some valuable papers . But the best account of Patino's administration is to be found in Coxe's
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Memoirs of the Kings of Spain of the House of Bourbon (
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London, 1815), which is founded on the correspondence of the
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English ministers at Madrid .

End of Article: PATINA (probably from the Latin word for a flat dish, from patere, to lie open; cf. " paten ")
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