PENTATEUCH  , the name found as

early as in Tertullian and Origen corresponding to the Jewish rer 'e/nn nvnn (the five-fifths of the Torah, or Law), and applied to the first five books of the Old Testament (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) . The several books were named by the Jews from their initial words, though at least Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy had also titles resembling those we use, viz. inn: mm, o.~npen turn (AµµEo- €KwOet t, Origen, in Eus., H . E. vi . 25), and nron plan . The Pentateuch, together with Joshua, Judges and Ruth, with which it is usually united in Greek MSS., makes up the Octateuch; the Pentateuch and Joshua together have recently been named the Hexateuch . On the critical questions arising from the Pentateuch or Hexateuch, see BIBLE and the articles on the several books .