EARLS AND See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

DUKES OF See also:

• PERTH
• EARLS AND DUKES OF PERTH

PERTH  . The Scottish See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• PERTH
• PERTH, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Perth was bestowed upon See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James, 4th See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• DRUMMOND, HENRY (1786-r86o)
• DRUMMOND, HENRY (1851-1897)
• DRUMMOND, THOMAS (r797-1840)
• DRUMMOND, WILLIAM (1585-1649)

Drummond (d . 1611) in 1605 . His ancestor See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Drummond (d . 1519) had been created Lord Drummond in 1488 . The 1st earl's See also:

• GREAT

great-See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew, James, 4th earl and 1st See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Perth (1648–1716),was a son of James, the 3rd earl (c . 1615–1675) . When John See also:

• MAITLAND (MAITLAND OF LETHINGTON), WILLIAM
• MAITLAND, EAST
• MAITLAND, EDWARD (1824-1897)
• MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM (1850-1906)
• MAITLAND, SIR RICHARD (LORD LETHINGTON) (1496-r586)

Maitland, duke of See also:

• LAUDERDALE, JOHN MAITLAND, DUKE OF (1616–1682)

Lauderdale, was virtually the See also:

• DICTATOR (from the Lat. dictare, frequentative of dicere, to speak)

dictator of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland, Perth was among his opponents, and after Lauderdale's retirement in 168o he was one of the See also:

• COMMITTEE (from commute, an Anglo-Fr. past participle of commettre, Lat. committere, to entrust; the modern Fr. equivalent comite is derived from the Eng.)

committee of seven which managed Scottish affairs . He was made See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and extra-See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary lord of session in 1682, and was lord See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of Scotland from 1684 to 1688 . As a convert to See also:

• ROMAN

Roman Catholicism after the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II., he stood high in the favour of James II . Perth, who is credited with the introduction of the thumbscrew,was very unpopular with the Scottish See also:

• PEOPLE

people, and during the Revolution of 1688 he was imprisoned at See also:

• STIRLING
• STIRLING, JAMES (1692-1770)
• STIRLING, JAMES HUTCHISON (182o-1909)
• STIRLING, MARY ANNE [FANNY] (1815-1895)
• STIRLING, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, (titular) EARL OF (1726—1783)
• STIRLING, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, EARL OF (c. 1567-1640)

Stirling . Released from captivity in 1693 he joined James II. at St Germains, and was made duke of Perth, a titular dignity only after the exiled See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's death in 1701 .

His son James (c . 1675–1720) was with James II. in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland, and led the See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• SHERIFFMUIR

Sheriffmuir . He was attainted in 1715, but claimed the dukedom of Perth after his See also:

• FATHER

father's death . His son James (1713–1746), regarded by See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends and dependants as the 3rd duke of Perth, fought for the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Pretender at See also:

• PRESTONPANS

Prestonpans and See also:

• CULLODEN

Culloden . His See also:

• BROTHER

brother and See also:

• HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir, John, the 4th duke (c . 1716–1747), also joined Charles See also:

• EDWARD

Edward, and fought at See also:

• FALKIRK

Falkirk and Culloden . The titular dukedom became See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct when the See also:

• SIXTH

sixth holder, Edward, another son of the 1st duke, died in 176o . The earldom was then claimed by Edward's See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, James Lundin (1707–1781), a See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of the 1st titular duke of Melfort, who was a brother of the 1st duke of Perth and took the name of Drummond . His son James (1744–1800) secured the Drummond estates in 1783, and was created a See also:

• BRITISH

British peer as Lord Perth and See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Drummond in 1797 . On his death without sons in See also:

• JULY

July 1800 his See also:

• BARONY

barony became extinct, but the claim to the earldom of Perth was inherited by his kinsman, the 4th titular duke of Melfort, and his descendants (see below) . The Drummond estates, however, passed to the baron's daughter Clementina (d . 1865), afterwards the wife of See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert, loth Lord See also:

• WILLOUGHBY

Willoughby de Eresby, and thence to her descendant the earl of Ancaster .

The 1st duke's brother, John (c . 1650–1715), earl of Melfort, See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose to favour under Charles II. about the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time as his brother; like him, too, he became a Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic in 1686 . In 1684 he was made secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state for Scotland; in 1686 he was created earl of Melfort by James II., and during his reign he took a leading See also:

• PART

part in Scottish affairs . After the Revolution of 1688 his great See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence with James II. and with See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary of See also:

• MODENA (ancient Mutina)

Modena See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew upon him the hatred both of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and of the Irish . He was with James II. at St Germains, but lost his former ascendancy, and died in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 25th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1715 . In 1694 he was made duke of Melfort, and all his titles were held under the singular See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition that they should descend to the See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children of his second wife, Euphemia (d . 1743), daughter of Sir See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL (1823— )
• WALLACE, LEWIS [LEW] (1827—1905)
• WALLACE, SIR RICHARD
• WALLACE, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1270-1305)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1768-1843)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1844-1897)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM VINCENT (1814-1865)

Wallace, in preference to his children by his first wife, See also:

• SOPHIA (1630-1714)

Sophia Lundin, who were Protestants . In 1701 Melfort was recognized as a French peer, the duc de Melfort, by See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV . In 1695 he had been attainted, but his titles were claimed by John (1682–1754), his eldest son by his second wife, who shared in the rising of 1715 . In 1800 John's grandson, James Louis, 4th titular duke of Melfort, claimed the earldom of Perth . This claim was unsuccessful, but in 1853 See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George (1807–1902), nominally 6th duke of Melfort, obtained a reversal of the various attainders, and his own recognition as earl of Perth and Melfort . The succeeding earl was his kinsman, See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• HUNTLY
• HUNTLY, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Huntly Drummond, See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

Viscount Strathallan (1871– ) .

See Sir R . See also:

• DOUGLAS
• DOUGLAS, GAVIN (1474?-1522)
• DOUGLAS, JOHN (1721—1807.)
• DOUGLAS, SIR CHARLES
• DOUGLAS, SIR HOWARD
• DOUGLAS, STEPHEN ARNOLD (18,3–1861)

Douglas, The See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

Peerage of Scotland; and Histories of See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

Noble British Families, vol. ii., edited by H . Drummond (1846) .