See also:

• MARQUIS

MARQUIS OF FERNANDO See also:

• FRANCESCO
• FRANCESCO, 210

FRANCESCO DAVALOS See also:

• PESCARA
• MARQUIS OF FERNANDO FRANCESCO DAVALOS PESCARA (1489-1525)

PESCARA (1489-1525)  , See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian See also:

• CONDOTTIERE (plural, condottieri)

condottiere, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples, his See also:

• FAMILY

family being of See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish origin . Rodrigo (Ruy) See also:

• LOPEZ, CARLOS ANTONIO (1790-1862)

Lopez Davalos, his See also:

• GREAT

great-grandfather, a See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble of See also:

• TOLEDO
• TOLEDO, COUNCILS OF (Concilia toletana)

Toledo, who had taken an active See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• WARS

wars of See also:

• CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla)

Castile in the reign of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John II . (1407-1454), had been driven into See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile, and died at See also:

• VALENCIA
• VALENCIA, or VALENTIA

Valencia . Ingo (See also:

• IGNATIUS ('Iyvfrior)

Ignatius), his son, entered the service of See also:

• ALPHONSO

Alphonso of See also:

• ARAGON, or ARRAGON (in Span. Aragon)

Aragon and Naples, followed his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, and there, making an advantageous See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage with a See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady of the family of See also:

• AQUINO

Aquino, was created See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis of See also:

• PESCARA
• PESCARA, FERNANDO FRANCESCO DAVALOS, MARQUIS OF (1489-1525)

Pescara . His son Alphonso, who succeeded him in the marquisate, married a lady of the Sicilian See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of the Spanish family of See also:

• CARDONA (perhaps the anc. Udura)

Cardona, and when he was treacherously killed, during a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French invasion of Naples, his only son Fernando, or Ferrante, was a See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child in arms . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of six the boy was betrothed to See also:

• VITTORIA

Vittoria See also:

• COLONNA
• COLONNA, GIOVANNI PAOLO (circa 1637—1695)
• COLONNA, VITTORIA (1490-1547)

Colonna (q.v.), daughter of the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general Fabrizio Colonna, and the marriage was celebrated in n 5og . His position as a noble of the Aragonese party in Naples made it See also:

• INCUMBENT (from Lat. incumbere, to lean, lie upon)

incumbent on him to support See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic in his Italian wars . In 1512 he commanded a See also:

• BODY

body of See also:

• LIGHT

light See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• RAVENNA
• RAVENNA, EXARCHATE OF

Ravenna, where he was wounded and taken prisoner by the French . Thanks to the intervention of one of the foremost of the French generals, the Italian J . J . Trivulzio, who was his connexion by marriage, he was allowed to See also:

• RANSOM (from Lat. redemptio, through Fr. rancon)

ransom himself for 6000 ducats . He commanded the Spanish See also:

• INFANTRY

infantry at the battle of La Morta, or See also:

• VICENZA

Vicenza, on the 7th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1513 .

It was on this occasion that he called his men before the See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge to take care to step on him before the enemy did if he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell . From the battle of Vicenza in 1513, down to the battle of La Bicocca on the 29th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1522, he continued to serve in command of the Spaniards and as the colleague rather than the subordinate of Prosper Colonna . It was only by the See also:

• ACCIDENT
• ACCIDENT (from Lat. accidere, to happen)

accident of his See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth at Naples that Pescara was an Italian . He considered himself a Spaniard, spoke Spanish at all times, even to his wife, and was always surrounded by Spanish soldiers and See also:

• OFFICERS

officers . His See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion of the Italians as fighting men was unfavourable and was openly expressed . After the battle of La Bicocca See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles V. appointed Prosper Colonna See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief . Pescara, who considered himself aggrieved, made a See also:

• JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

journey to See also:

• VALLADOLID

Valladolid in See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, where the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor then was, to See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state his own claims . Charles V., with whom he had See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and confidential interviews, persuaded him to submit for the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to the superiority of Colonna . But in these meetings he gained the confidence of Charles V . His Spanish descent and sympathies marked him out as a safer commander of the imperial troops in Italy than an Italian could have been . When See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis I. invaded Italy in 1524 Pescara was appointed as lieu-See also:

• TENANT (from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenant of the emperor to repel the invasion . The difficulties of his position were very great, for there was much discontent in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, which was very See also:

• ILL

ill paid .

The tenacity, See also:

• PATIENCE

patience and tact of Pescara triumphed over all obstacles . His See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence over the See also:

• VETERAN

veteran Spanish troops and the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German mercenaries kept them loyal during the long See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• PAVIA (anc. Ticinum, q.v.)

Pavia . On the 24th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1525 he defeated and took prisoner Francis I. by a brilliant attack . Pescara's See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan was remarkable for its audacity and for the skill he showed in destroying the See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior French heavy cavalry by assailing them in flank with a mixed force of harquebusiers and light See also:

• HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse . It was believed that he was dissatisfied with the treatment he had received from the emperor; and See also:

• GIROLAMO (1450-1486)

Girolamo See also:

• MORONE, GIOVANNI (1509-1580)

Morone, secretary to the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan, approached him with a See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme for expelling French, Spaniards and Germans alike from Italy, and for gaining a See also:

• THRONE

throne for himself . Pescara may have listened to the tempter, but in See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act he was loyal . He reported the offer to Charles V. and put Morone into See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison . His See also:

• HEALTH

health however had begun to giveway under the See also:

• STRAIN (through O. Fr. straindre, estraindre, mod. i treindre, from Lat. stringere, to draw tight, related to stress, stretch, string, &c.)

strain of wounds and exposure; and he died at Milan on the 4th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1525 . Pescara had no See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children; his See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title descended to his See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin the marquis del See also:

• VASTO (anc. Histonium)

Vasto, also a distinguished imperial general .