JEAN

See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

LOUIS

See also:

• PETITOT, JEAN (1608–1691)
• JEAN LOUIS PETITOT (1652–c. 1730)

PETITOT (1652–c. 1730)  , French enamel painter, was the eldest son of Jean Petitot (q.v.), and was instructed in enamelling by his father . Some of his works so closely resemble those of the elder Petitot that it is difficult to distinguish between them, and he was really the only serious rival his father ever had . He settled for a while in London, where he remained till 1682, and painted many enamel portraits of Charles II . In 1682 he removed to Paris, but in 1695 was back again in London, where he remained until the time of his death . His portrait by Mignard is in the museum at Geneva, and another in enamel by himself in the collection of the earl of Dartrey, who also owns two of his wife, Madeleine Bordier, whom he married in 1683 . Another portrait believed to represent him is in the collection of Mr Pierpont Morgan . (G . C . W.) PETITS-CHEVAUX (Fr. for " little horses" ), a gambling game played with a mechanical device consisting of a board perforated with a number of concentric circular slits, in which revolve, each independently on its own axis, figures of jockeys on horseback, distinguished by numbers or colours . The bystanders having staked their money according to their choice on a board marked in divisions for this purpose, the horses are started revolving rapidly together by means of mechanism attached to the board, and the horse which stops nearest a marked goal wins, every player who has staked on that horse receiving so many times his stake . Figures of railway trains and other objects sometimes take the place of horses . In recent years there has been a tendency to supplant the petits chevaux at French resorts by the boule or ball game, on the same principle of gambling; in this a ball is rolled on a basin-shaped table so that it' may eventually settle in one of a number of shallow cups, each marked with a figure .