PETROPOLIS  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of Rio de Janeiro, See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil, in an elevated valley of the Serra de Estrella, 2634 ft. above See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea-level and 27 m . N. of the city of Rio de Janeiro, with which it is connected by a combined railway and steamship See also:

• LINE

line, andalso by a longer railway line . Pop. of the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality (1900) . 29,331, a large percentage being summer residents, as the See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census was taken See also:

• LATE

late in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December; (1902, municipal census), 18,373 . Petropolis is served by the Principe do Grao Pala railway, now a See also:

• PART

part of the Leopoldina See also:

• SYSTEM

system, which connects with Rio de Janeiro and See also:

• NICTHEROY, or NITEROY

Nictheroy on the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, and with ti e station of Entre Rios on the Central of Brazil railway . Its See also:

• ALTITUDE (Lat. altitudo, from altus, high)

altitude gives the city a cool invigorating See also:

• CLIMATE

climate, making it a favourite summer See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence for the well-to-do classes of Rio . The rainfall is abundant, and especially so in summer (December to See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March) when the humidity is extreme . Vegetation is luxuriant and comprises a See also:

• GREAT

great variety of tropical and sub-tropical See also:

• SPECIES

species . The city is built in a large, irregularly shaped See also:

• BASIN, or BASON (the older form bacin is found in many of the Romanic languages, from the Late Lat. baccinus or bacchinus, probably derived from bacca, a bowl)
• BASIN, THOMAS (1412—1491)

basin formed by streams which converge to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the Piabanha See also:

• RIVER

river, a tributary of the See also:

• PARAHYBA (PARAHIBA Or PARAHYBA DO NORTE)
• PARAHYBA (PARAHYBA DO NORTE)

Parahyba do Sul . Among the public buildings are the old imperial See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace, a See also:

• MODERN

modern summer residence of the See also:

• NATIONAL

national executive and a municipal See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall . Although Petropolis is not a commercial centre, its See also:

• WATER

water-See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power and cool climate are making it an important manufacturing See also:

• TOWN

town . Among the products are See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton fabrics and garments, See also:

• BEER

beer, and Camembert and See also:

• BRIE (Briegus saltus, from Celtic briek, clay)

Brie cheeses .

Petropolis was founded in 1845 by See also:

• JULIUS

Julius See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick Koler under the auspices of the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor of Brazil, Dom Pedro II., on lands See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by his See also:

• FATHER

father, Dom Pedro I., in 1822 . The See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place was previously known as Corrego Secco, which Dr See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• GARDNER
• GARDNER, PERCY (1846– )

Gardner described in 1837 as " a small, miserable See also:

• VILLAGE

village." The first emperor planned to establish there a See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony, but the See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan was not realized until 1845, when about 2700 colonists from See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany were located there . Its growth was slow, but the choice of the place by the emperor as a summer residence See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew thither many of the wealthy residents of the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital . The Maud. railway was opened to the See also:

• FOOT

foot of the serra (Raiz da Serra) in 1854, and the macadamized road up the serra to the town in 1856 . The See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section of the railway, on the Riggenbach system, was completed in 1883 . Petropolis has since become the summer residence of the See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps and of the higher officials of the Federal See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and was the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro from 1893 to 1903 .