See also:

• PIPE

PIPE AND See also:

• TABOR

TABOR (Fr. galoubet; Ger. Schwegel or Stamenlienpfeiff)  , a popular See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval See also:

• COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination of a small See also:

• PIPE

pipe or See also:

• FLAGEOLET

flageolet, and a small See also:

• DRUM (early forms drome or dromme, a word common to many Teut. languages, cf. Dan. tromme, Ger. Trommel: the word is ultimately the same as " trumpet," and is probably onomatopoeic in origin; it appears late in Eng. about the middle of the 16th century)

drum . The pipe consists of a cylindrical See also:

• TUBE (Lat. tuba)

tube of narrow See also:

• BORE

bore, pierced with three holes, two in front and one at the back, all very near the end of the pipe; and of a See also:

• MOUTHPIECE (Fr. embouchure; Ger. Mundstuck; Ital. bocchino)

mouthpiece of the See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind known as See also:

• WHISTLE

whistle, fipple or See also:

• BEAK (early forms beke and becke, from Fr. bec, late Lat. beccus, supposed to be a Gaulish word; the Celtic bec and beq, however, are taken from the English)

beak See also:

• COMMON

common to the fl4tes d tee or See also:

• RECORDER
• RECORDER, FIPPLE FLUTE

recorder See also:

• FAMILY

family . The See also:

• COMPASS (Fr. corn pas, ultimately from Lat. cum, with, and passus, step)

compass of this See also:

• INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument, with no more than three holes, exceeds two octaves in the hands of a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good player, and is See also:

• CHROMATIC (Gr. xpcoµaruc6s, coloured, from xpwµa, colour)

chromatic throughout . The fundamental notes of the open pipe and of the three holes cannot be produced; the See also:

• SCALE
• SCALE (1) A

scale consists, therefore, entirely of harmonics, the and, 3rd and 4th of the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series being easily obtained, and, by See also:

• HALF

half stopping the holes, also the semitones which are required to See also:

• COMPLETE

complete the chromatic scale . The See also:

• TABOR

tabor being fastened to the performer's See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• ELBOW

elbow, the hands remained See also:

• FREE

free, the right beating the little drum with a stick to See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die See also:

• RHYTHM (Greek pvBµds, from bap, to flow)

rhythm, while the left held and fingered the pipe with thumb and first two fingers . 1sdersenne mentions a wonderful virtuoso, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• PRICE
• PRICE, BARTHOLOMEW (1818–1898)
• PRICE, BONAMY (1807-1888)
• PRICE, RICHARD (1723-1791)

Price, who could rise to the twenty-second on the galoubet . See also:

• PRAETORIUS, MICHAEL (1571_1621)

Praetorius mentions and figures three sizes of the Stamentienpfeiff, the See also:

• TREBLE (a doublet of " triple," three-fold, from Lat. triplus, triple; cf. " double " from duplus)

treble 20 in. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, the See also:

• TENOR (through Fr. and It. from Lat. tenor, holding on, course, sense of a law, tone)

tenor 26 in. and the See also:

• BASS
• BASS (the same word as " base," and so pronounced, but influenced in spelling by the Ital. basso)

bass 30, the last being played by means of a crook about 23 in. long . A specimen of the bass in the museum of the See also:

• BRUSSELS (Fr. Bruxelles, Flem. Brussel)

Brussels See also:

• CONSERVATOIRE (the Fr. equivalent of Ital. Conservatorio, Ger. Conservatorium, from Med. Lat. conservatorium, a place where anything is preserved, Lat. conservare, to preserve)

Conservatoire has for its lowest See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note See also:

• MIDDLE

middle C . The pipe and tabor are said to be of Provencal origin; it is certain that they were most popular in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and the See also:

• NETHERLANDS

Netherlands, and they figure largely among the musical and social scenes in the illuminated See also:

• MSS

MSS. of those countries . (K . S.) PIPE-FISHES (Syngnathina), small fishes, which with the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea-horses See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form a distinct family, Syngnathidae, of Lophobranchiate Thoracostei . The name is derived from the See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar form of their snout, which is produced into a more or less long tube, ending in a narrow and small mouth which opens upwards and is toothless .

The See also:

• BODY

body and tail are long and thin, snake-like, encased in hard integuments which are divided into regularly arranged segments . This dermal See also:

• SKELETON

skeleton shows several See also:

• LONGITUDINAL

longitudinal ridges, so that a See also:

• VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section through the body represents an angular figure, not See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round or See also:

• OVAL (Lat. ovum, egg)

oval as in the See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of other fishes . A dorsal fin is always See also:

• PRESENT

present, and is the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal (in some See also:

• SPECIES

species, the only) See also:

• ORGAN

organ of locomotion . The ventral fins are as constantly absent, and the other fins may or may not be See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed . The gill-openings are extremely small and placed near the upper posterior See also:

• ANGLE (from the Lat. angulus, a corner, a diminutive, of which the primitive form, angus, does not occur in Latin; cognate are the Lat. angere, to compress into a bend or to strangle, and the Gr. ayKOS, a bend; both connected with the Aryan root ank-, to

angle of the gill-See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover . Most of the pipe-fishes are marine, only a few being fluviatile . Pipe-fishes are abundant on such coasts of the tropical and temperate zones as offer by their vegetation shelter to these defenceless creatures . They are very See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad swimmers, slowly moving through the See also:

• WATER

water by means of the rapid undulatory See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement of the dorsal fin . Their tail, even when provided with a caudal fin, is of no use in See also:

• SWIMMING (from " swim," A.S. swimman, the root being common in Teutonic languages)

swimming, and not prehensile as in sea-horses . Specimens, therefore, are not rarely found at a See also:

• GREAT

great distance from See also:

• LAND

land, having been resistlessly carried by currents into the open ocean; one species, Syngnathus pelagicus, has an extraordinarily wide range over the tropical seas, and is one of the common fishes inhabiting the vegetation of the Sargasso Sea . The See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour of these fishes often changes with the sea-weeds among which they may be found, passing from See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown to See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green or even See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick-red . In pipe-fishes the male is provided with a pouch—in some species on the See also:

• ABDOMEN (a Latin word, either from abdere, to hide, or from a form adipomen, from adeps, fat)

abdomen, in others on the See also:

• LOWER

lower See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the tail—in which the ova are lodged during their development .

This marsupial pouch is formed by a See also:

• FOLD

fold of the skin developed from each side of the See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk or tail, the free margins of the fold being firmly See also:

• UNITED

united in the median See also:

• LINE

line throughout the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period during which the eggs are being hatched . When the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young are hatched the folds See also:

• SEPARATE

separate, leaving a wide slit, by which the young gradually See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape when quite able to take care of themselves . Nearly a See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred different species of pipe-fishes are known, of which Siphonostoma typhle, Syngnathus acus (the Great Pipe-See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish up to 18 in. in length), Nerophis aequoreus (Ocean Pipe-fish), Nerophis ophidion (Straightnosed Pipe-fish), and Nerophis lumbriciformis (Little Pipe-fish) are See also:

• BRITISH

British species . The last three are destitute of a caudal fin . A See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

review of the extensive literature on the breeding habits of the Syngnathidae is given by E . W . Gudger, " The Breeding habits and the Segmentation of the See also:

• EGG (O.E. aeg, cf. Ger. Ei, Swed. aegg, and prob. Gr. u,ov, Lat. ovum)
• EGG, AUGUSTUS LEOPOLD (1816-1863)

Egg of the Pipefish," Proc . U.S . Nat . See also:

• MUS

Mus . (1905), See also:

• XXIX

xxix .