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PITTANCE (through O. Fr. pitance, fro...

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 678 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PITTANCE (through O. Fr. pitance, from See also:Lat. See also:pietas, loving-Kindness)  , properly a See also:gift to the members of a religious See also:house for masses, consisting usually of an extra See also:allowance of See also:food or See also:wine on occasions such as the anniversary of the donor's See also:death, festivals and the like . The word was See also:early transferred to a charitable donation and to any small gift of food or See also:money . See also:PITT-See also:RIVERS, See also:AUGUSTUS See also:HENRY See also:LANE-See also:FOX (1827-1900), See also:English soldier and archaeologist, son of W . A . Lane-Fox, was See also:born on the 14th of See also:April 1827 . It was not till 188o that he assumed the name of Pitt-Rivers, on inheriting the See also:Dorsetshire and See also:Wiltshire estates of his See also:great-See also:uncle, the second See also:Lord Rivers . Educated at See also:Sandhurst, he received a See also:commission in - the See also:Grenadier See also:Guards in 1845, being See also:captain 185o, See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel 1857, colonel 1867, See also:major-See also:general 1877 and lieutenant-general 1882 . He served in the See also:Crimean See also:War, and was at the See also:Alma and the See also:siege of Sebastopol . His See also:talent for experimental See also:research was utilized in investigation into improvements of the See also:army See also:rifle, and he was largely responsible for starting the See also:Hythe School of Musketry . It is not, how-ever, for his military career, but for his See also:work as an anthropologist and archaeologist, that General Pitt-Rivers will be remembered . His See also:interest in the See also:evolution of the rifle early extended itself to other weapons and See also:instruments in the See also:history of See also:man, and he became a See also:collector of articles illustrating the development of human invention . His collection became famous, and, after being exhibited in 1874-1875 at the Bethnal See also:Green Museum, was presented in 1883 to the university of See also:Oxford .

When, in 188o, General Pitt-Rivers obtained See also:

possession of his great-uncle's estates—practically untouched by the excavator since they had been the battleground of the See also:West See also:Saxons, the See also:Romans and the Britons—he devoted himself to exploring them . His excavations See also:round Rushmore resulted in valuable " finds "; he founded a See also:local museum and published several illustrated volumes . As a scientific archaeologist he attained high See also:rank . Oxford gave him the D.C.L. in 1886; he was See also:president of the Anthropological See also:Institute, and F.R.S . He married, in 1853, Alice See also:Margaret, daughter of the second Lord See also:Stanley of Alderley, and had a numerous See also:family; his second daughter became in 1884 the wife of See also:Sir See also:John Lubbock (Lord See also:Avebury) . General Pitt-Rivers died at Rushmore on the 4th of May 1900 .

End of Article: PITTANCE (through O. Fr. pitance, from Lat. pietas, loving-Kindness)
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