See also:

• PLOTINUS (A.D. 204-270)

PLOTINUS (A.D. 204-270)  , the most important representative of See also:

• NEOPLATONISM

Neoplatonism, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of See also:

• ROMAN

Roman parents at Lycopolis in See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt . At See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria he attended the lectures of Ammonius Saccas (q.v.), the founder of the See also:

• SYSTEM

system, until 242, when he joined the See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian expedition of See also:

• GORDIAN, or GORDIANUS

Gordian III., with the See also:

• OBJECT

object of studying Persian and See also:

• INDIAN

Indian See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy on the spot . After the assassination of Gordian in 244, See also:

• PLOTINUS (A.D. 204-270)

Plotinus was obliged to take See also:

• REFUGE

refuge in See also:

• ANTIOCH

Antioch, whence he made his way to See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome and set up as a teacher there . He soon attracted a large number of pupils, the most distinguished of whom were Amelius, Eustochius and See also:

• PORPHYRY (IlopcPisptos) (A.D. 233-c. 304)

Porphyry . The See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• GALLIENUS, PUBLIUS LICINIUS EGNATIUS

Gallienus and his wife Salonina were also his enthusiastic admirers, and favoured his See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of See also:

• FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding a Platonic See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

Commonwealth (Platonopolis) in See also:

• CAMPANIA

Campania (cf . See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop See also:

• BERKELEY
• BERKELEY, GEORGE (1685–1753)
• BERKELEY, MILES JOSEPH (1803-1889)
• BERKELEY, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1608-1677)

Berkeley's See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme for the Bermuda islands), but the opposition of Gallienus's counsellors and the See also:

• DEATH

death of Plotinus prevented the See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan from being carried out . Plotinus's wide popularity was due partly to the lucidity of his teaching, but perhaps even more to his strong See also:

• PERSONALITY (from Lat. persona, originally an actor's mask, from personare,1 to sound through)

personality . Assent See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed into veneration; he was considered to be divinely inspired, and generally credited with miraculous See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . In spite of See also:

• ILL

ill-See also:

• HEALTH

health, he continued to See also:

• TEACH [THATCH OR THACH], EDWARD (d. 1718)

teach and write until his death, which took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place on the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of one of his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends near See also:

• MINTURNAE

Minturnae in Campania . Under Ammonius Plotinus became imbued with the eclectic spirit of the Alexandrian school . 'Having accepted the Platonic metaphysical See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine, he applied to it the Neo-See also:

• PYTHAGOREAN

Pythagorean principles and the See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental doctrine of See also:

• EMANATION (Lat. emanatio, from e-, out, manare, to flow)

Emanation (q.v.) . The results of this introspective See also:

• MYSTICISM (from Or. µuety, to shut the eyes; µuorrts, one initiated into the mysteries)

mysticism were collected by him in a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of fifty-four (originally See also:

• FORTY

forty-eight) See also:

• TREATISES

treatises, arranged in six " Enneads," which constitute the most authoritative exposition of Neoplatonism .

This arrangement is probably due to Porphyry, to whose editorial care they were consigned . There was also another See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient edition by Eustochius, but all the existing See also:

• MSS

MSS. are based on Porphyry's edition . The Enneades of Plotinus were first made known in the Latin See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of Marsilio See also:

• FICINO, MARSILIO (1433-1499)

Ficino (See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence, 1492) which was reprinted at See also:

• BASEL (Fr. Bale)
• BASEL (Fr. Belle, but Basle is a wholly erroneous form; Ital. Basilea)
• BASEL, CONFESSION OF
• BASEL, COUNCIL OF

Basel in 158o, with the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text of Petrus Perna . Later See also:

• EDITIONS

editions by Creuzer and See also:

• MOSER, JOHANN JAKOB (1701-1785)
• MOSER, JUSTUS (172o-1794)

Moser (" See also:

• DIDOT

Didot Series," 1855), A . See also:

• KIRCHHOFF, GUSTAV ROBERT (1824-1887)
• KIRCHHOFF, JOHANN WILHELM ADOLF (1826-1908)

Kirchhoff (1856), H . F . See also:

• MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
• MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
• MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
• MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
• MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
• MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
• MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
• MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
• MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
• MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)

Muller (1878–188o), R . Volkmann (1883–1884) . There is an See also:

• ENGLISH

English translation of selected portions by See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• TAYLOR
• TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
• TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
• TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
• TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
• TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
• TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
• TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
• TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
• TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
• TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
• TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
• TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
• TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
• TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)

Taylor, re-edited in See also:

• BOHN, HENRY GEORGE (1796-1884)

Bohn's Philosophical Library (1895, with introduction and bibliography by G . R . S . See also:

• MEAD
• MEAD, LARKIN GOLDSMITH (1835— )
• MEAD, RICHARD (1673—1754)

Mead) .

On Plotinus generally see See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in SuIdas; See also:

• EUNAPIUS

Eunapius vitae sophistarum; and above all the Vita Plotini by his See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil Porphyry . Among See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• WORKS

works, see the treatises on the school of Alexandria by J . F . See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon, i . (1845), and E . See also:

• VACHEROT, ETIENNE (1809-1897)

Vacherot (1846); A . See also:

• RICHTER, ADRIAN LUDWIG (1803-1884)
• RICHTER, ERNST FRIEDRICH EDUARD (1808–1879)
• RICHTER, EUGEN (1839–1906)
• RICHTER, HANS (1843– )
• RICHTER, JEREMIAS BENJAMIN (1762–1807)
• RICHTER, JOHANN PAUL FRIEDRICH (1763–1825)

Richter, Ueber Leben and Geistesentwicklung See also:

• DES

des Plotin (See also:

• HALLE (known as HALLE-AN-DER-SAALE, t0 distinguish it from the small town of Halle in Westphalia)
• HALLE, SIR CHARLES (originally KARL HALLE) (1819-1895)

Halle, 1864–1867) ; T . Whittaker, The Neoplatonists (1901) ; A . Drews, Plotin and der Untergang der antiken Weltanschauung (1907) ; E . See also:

• CAIRD, EDWARD (1835-1908)
• CAIRD, JOHN (182o–1898)

Caird, See also:

• EVOLUTION

Evolution of See also:

• THEOLOGY

Theology in the Greek Philosophers (1904), ii . 210–257; See also:

• RUFUS, GAIUS VALGIUS
• RUFUS, LUCIUS VARIUS (c 74—14 B.c.)

Rufus M . See also:

• JONES
• JONES, ALFRED GILPIN (1824-1906)
• JONES, EBENEZER (182o-186o)
• JONES, ERNEST CHARLES (1819-1869)
• JONES, HENRY (1831-1899)
• JONES, HENRY ARTHUR (1851- )
• JONES, INIGO (1573-1651)
• JONES, JOHN (c. 1800-1882)
• JONES, MICHAEL (d. 1649)
• JONES, OWEN (1741-1814)
• JONES, OWEN (1809-1874)
• JONES, RICHARD (179o-1855)
• JONES, SIR ALFRED LEWIS (1845-1909)
• JONES, SIR WILLIAM (1746-1794)
• JONES, THOMAS RUPERT (1819– )
• JONES, WILLIAM (1726-1800)

Jones, Studies in Mystical See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

Religion (1909) .

A detailed See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of Plotinus's philosophical system and an estimate of its importance will be found in the article NEOPLATONISM, the works above referred to, and the histories of philosophy . For his See also:

• LIST (O.E. lisle, a Teutonic word, cf. Dut. lust, Ger. Leiste, adapted in Ital. lista and Fr. lisle)
• LIST, FRIEDRICH (1789-1846)

list of categories, see CATEGORIES; also See also:

• LOGOS (X4os)

LOGOS; MYSTICISM; MAGIC .