POLL  , strictly the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head, in men or animals . See also:

• SKEAT, WALTER WILLIAM (1835– )

Skeat connects the word with O . Swed. kolle (initial p and k being interchange-able) and considers a See also:

• CELTIC

Celtic origin probable; cf . Irish coil, Welsh See also:

• COL
• COL (Fr. for " neck," Lat. collum)

col, See also:

• PEAK, THE

peak, See also:

• SUMMIT

summit . " Poll " is chiefly used in various senses derived from that of a unit in an enumeration of persons or things, e.g. poll-tax (q.v.), or " See also:

• CHALLENGE (O. Fr. chalonge, calenge, &c., from Lat. calumnia, originally meaning trickery, from calvi, to deceive, hence a false accusation, a " calumny ")

challenge to the polls " in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of a See also:

• JURY

jury (q.v.) . The most See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar derivative uses are those connected with voting at See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary or other elections; thus " to poll " is to See also:

• VOTE

vote or to secure a number of votes, and " the poll," the voting, the number of votes See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast, or the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time during which voting takes See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place . The verb " to poll " also means to clip or shear the See also:

• TOP (cf. Dan. top, Ger. Topf, also meaning pot)

top of anything, hence " polled " of hornless See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle, or " See also:

• DEED (in O. Eng. dead, from the stem of the verb " to do ")

deed-poll " (i.e. a deed with smooth or unindented edges, as distinguished from an " See also:

• INDENTURE (through 0. Fr. endenture from a legal Latin term indent-ura, indentare, to cut into teeth, to give a jagged edge, in modurn dentium, like teeth)

indenture ") . A See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree which has been "polled," or cut back See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to induce it to make See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short bushy growth, is called a " See also:

• POLLARD, EDWARD ALBERT (1828–1872)

pollard." At the university of See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, a " pass " degree is known as a " poll-degree." This is generally explained as from the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek of aoXXoi, the many, the See also:

• COMMON

common See also:

• PEOPLE

people .